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Exploring health improvement incentives through wellness-linked products

Author

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  • Chen, An
  • Schelling, Stefan

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the potential of wellness-linked life insurance products to encourage policyholders to adopt health-promoting behaviors. We establish two key theoretical contributions: first, we demonstrate a complementary relationship between prevention effort and insurance coverage in wellness-linked products – showing that, in contrast to the classical Ehrlich and Becker (1972) result for traditional insurance, positive effort can be optimal even in the case of full insurance. Second, through a Stackelberg equilibrium framework, where the effort is determined endogenously, we examine the economic pricing and demand for wellness-linked products. Our analysis reveals that wellness-linked products enhance prevention efforts without significantly reducing total insurance coverage, creating value for both parties. Numerical illustrations demonstrate the practical viability of these products, and extensions confirm that our core results carry over to survival-bonus contracts, heterogeneous risk classes, and a health-long-term-care variant.

Suggested Citation

  • Chen, An & Schelling, Stefan, 2026. "Exploring health improvement incentives through wellness-linked products," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:insuma:v:128:y:2026:i:c:s0167668726000375
    DOI: 10.1016/j.insmatheco.2026.103247
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • D86 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Economics of Contract Law
    • G22 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Insurance; Insurance Companies; Actuarial Studies
    • I12 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Behavior
    • I30 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General

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