IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/injoed/v117y2025ics0738059325001646.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

More investment, more engagement? Analyzing dialogic behavior in online one-to-one tutoring among different payment mechanisms

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Deliang
  • Zhen, Yuanyi
  • Shan, Dapeng
  • Zhang, Chenwei
  • Kao, Ben
  • Chen, Gaowei

Abstract

This study examines the relationship between students’ financial investment and their learning engagement in online one-to-one tutoring, specifically whether increased financial investment leads to greater dialogic engagement. We analyzed online one-to-one mathematics tutoring dialogues across free, token-based, and subscription-based sessions using a coding scheme and a well-trained AI (Artificial Intelligence) model. Our findings reveal several key insights. First, students and tutors in free tutoring sessions have the longest conversations, while those in subscription-based sessions have the shortest. Students receiving free tutoring exhibit the least off-topic behavior compared to those in token-based and subscription-based sessions. Second, students in free tutoring demonstrate higher levels of constructive engagement, whereas those in token-based tutoring show more metacognition-related patterns. Third, tutors induce more reflection and provide direct instruction more sequentially in subscription-based sessions than in free sessions. These findings suggest that students’ engagement levels in online tutoring may not be positively correlated with their monetary investment, offering new perspectives on the relationship between educational investment and learning engagement.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Deliang & Zhen, Yuanyi & Shan, Dapeng & Zhang, Chenwei & Kao, Ben & Chen, Gaowei, 2025. "More investment, more engagement? Analyzing dialogic behavior in online one-to-one tutoring among different payment mechanisms," International Journal of Educational Development, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:injoed:v:117:y:2025:i:c:s0738059325001646
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103366
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0738059325001646
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ijedudev.2025.103366?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:injoed:v:117:y:2025:i:c:s0738059325001646. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-journal-of-educational-development .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.