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Measuring markups with revenue data

Author

Listed:
  • Kirov, Ivan
  • Mengano, Paolo
  • Traina, James

Abstract

When output prices are unobserved, standard production-based markup estimators are biased and inconsistent because they are unable to distinguish whether firms have higher revenues due to higher prices or higher quantities. Building on work designed for competitive environments, we propose a novel method that solves this problem using only revenue data. We flexibly model markups as a specified function of observables and fixed effects, supporting a broad class of variable-markup frameworks. We explicitly adopt a Markovian revenue productivity process, a commonly implicit assumption in the literature. Our suggested two-step approach is simple in concept and implementation, requiring only common regression techniques.

Suggested Citation

  • Kirov, Ivan & Mengano, Paolo & Traina, James, 2026. "Measuring markups with revenue data," International Journal of Industrial Organization, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:indorg:v:105:y:2026:i:c:s0167718726000160
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ijindorg.2026.103263
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    JEL classification:

    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General
    • C33 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • D24 - Microeconomics - - Production and Organizations - - - Production; Cost; Capital; Capital, Total Factor, and Multifactor Productivity; Capacity
    • D43 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Oligopoly and Other Forms of Market Imperfection
    • L11 - Industrial Organization - - Market Structure, Firm Strategy, and Market Performance - - - Production, Pricing, and Market Structure; Size Distribution of Firms

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