IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ijoais/v37y2020ics146708952030021x.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The cost stickiness of information technology material weaknesses: An intertemporal comparison between it-related and other material weaknesses

Author

Listed:
  • Navarro, Patricia
  • Robb, Sean W.G.
  • Sutton, Steve G.
  • Weisner, Martin M.

Abstract

The PCAOB's audit firm inspections drive audit focus and costs. The PCAOB's 2010-initiated increased emphasis on internal control audit work intensified concern over internal control weaknesses (ICW). IT-related material weaknesses (ITMW) have emerged as particularly significant with PCAOB reports (2008, 2012) highlighting on-going deficiencies in IT controls auditing and the 2015 PCAOB brief noting an on-going focus on recurring audit deficiencies. We explore how ICW affect audit fees and how alternative types of ITMW lead to varying degrees of persistence in fee premiums. Using propensity score matched samples, we find fee premiums associated with ITMW linger longer than premiums for non-IT entity-level material weaknesses (ELMW) or firms reporting account-specific material weaknesses. Moreover, we find that audit fee premiums by type of ICW remediated is overall strongest for ITMW linked to data processing integrity. Our findings underscore the importance of distinguishing not only between non-IT ELMW and ITMW but also types of ITMW as identified in data quality research.

Suggested Citation

  • Navarro, Patricia & Robb, Sean W.G. & Sutton, Steve G. & Weisner, Martin M., 2020. "The cost stickiness of information technology material weaknesses: An intertemporal comparison between it-related and other material weaknesses," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 37(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ijoais:v:37:y:2020:i:c:s146708952030021x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.accinf.2020.100454
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S146708952030021X
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.accinf.2020.100454?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Chris E. Hogan & Michael S. Wilkins, 2008. "Evidence on the Audit Risk Model: Do Auditors Increase Audit Fees in the Presence of Internal Control Deficiencies?," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 25(1), pages 219-242, March.
    2. Chen, Yangyang & Gul, Ferdinand A. & Truong, Cameron & Veeraraghavan, Madhu, 2016. "Auditor client specific knowledge and internal control weakness: Some evidence on the role of auditor tenure and geographic distance," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 12(2), pages 121-140.
    3. Simunic, Da, 1980. "The Pricing Of Audit Services - Theory And Evidence," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 18(1), pages 161-190.
    4. Hollis Ashbaugh‐Skaife & Daniel W. Collins & William R. Kinney Jr & Ryan Lafond, 2009. "The Effect of SOX Internal Control Deficiencies on Firm Risk and Cost of Equity," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(1), pages 1-43, March.
    5. Steve G. Sutton & Vicky Arnold, 2005. "The Sarbanes-Oxley Act and the changing role of the CIO and IT function," International Journal of Business Information Systems, Inderscience Enterprises Ltd, vol. 1(1/2), pages 118-128.
    6. Hoffman, Benjamin W. & Sellers, R. Drew & Skomra, Justyna, 2018. "The impact of client information technology capability on audit pricing," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 59-75.
    7. Li, Chan & Sun, Lili & Ettredge, Michael, 2010. "Financial executive qualifications, financial executive turnover, and adverse SOX 404 opinions," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 93-110, May.
    8. Scott Whisenant & Srinivasan Sankaraguruswamy & K. Raghunandan, 2003. "Evidence on the Joint Determination of Audit and Non‐Audit Fees," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 41(4), pages 721-744, September.
    9. Feng, Mei & Li, Chan & McVay, Sarah, 2009. "Internal control and management guidance," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 48(2-3), pages 190-209, December.
    10. Stefan Arping & Zacharias Sautner, 2013. "Did SOX Section 404 Make Firms Less Opaque? Evidence from Cross†Listed Firms," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(3), pages 1133-1165, September.
    11. Tim D. Bauer & Cassandra Estep & Bertrand Malsch, 2019. "One Team or Two? Investigating Relationship Quality between Auditors and IT Specialists: Implications for Audit Team Identity and the Audit Process†," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 36(4), pages 2142-2177, December.
    12. Haislip, Jacob Z. & Peters, Gary F. & Richardson, Vernon J., 2016. "The effect of auditor IT expertise on internal controls," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 20(C), pages 1-15.
    13. Haislip, Jacob Z. & Masli, Adi & Richardson, Vernon J. & Watson, Marcia Weidenmier, 2015. "External reputational penalties for CEOs and CFOs following information technology material weaknesses," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 1-15.
    14. Doyle, Jeffrey & Ge, Weili & McVay, Sarah, 2007. "Determinants of weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(1-2), pages 193-223, September.
    15. Steven Balsam & Wei Jiang & Bo Lu, 2014. "Equity Incentives and Internal Control Weaknesses," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 31(1), pages 178-201, March.
    16. Ashbaugh-Skaife, Hollis & Collins, Daniel W. & Kinney Jr., William R., 2007. "The discovery and reporting of internal control deficiencies prior to SOX-mandated audits," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 44(1-2), pages 166-192, September.
    17. Joseph F. Brazel & Christopher P. Agoglia, 2007. "An Examination of Auditor Planning Judgements in a Complex Accounting Information System Environment," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 24(4), pages 1059-1083, December.
    18. Carcello, Joseph V. & Hollingsworth, Carl & Mastrolia, Stacy A., 2011. "The effect of PCAOB inspections on Big 4 audit quality," Research in Accounting Regulation, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 85-96.
    19. Karla Johnstone & Chan Li & Kathleen Hertz Rupley, 2011. "Changes in Corporate Governance Associated with the Revelation of Internal Control Material Weaknesses and Their Subsequent Remediation," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 28(1), pages 331-383, March.
    20. William R. Kinney, Jr. & Marcy L. Shepardson, 2011. "Do Control Effectiveness Disclosures Require SOX 404(b) Internal Control Audits? A Natural Experiment with Small U.S. Public Companies," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(2), pages 413-448, May.
    21. Benjamin P. Foster & William Ornstein & Trimbak Shastri, 2007. "Audit costs, material weaknesses under SOX Section 404," Managerial Auditing Journal, Emerald Group Publishing, vol. 22(7), pages 661-673, July.
    22. Christopher S. Armstrong & Alan D. Jagolinzer & David F. Larcker, 2010. "Chief Executive Officer Equity Incentives and Accounting Irregularities," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(2), pages 225-271, May.
    23. David C. Hay & W. Robert Knechel & Norman Wong, 2006. "Audit Fees: A Meta†analysis of the Effect of Supply and Demand Attributes," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 23(1), pages 141-191, March.
    24. Francis, Jere R., 1984. "The effect of audit firm size on audit prices : A study of the Australian Market," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 6(2), pages 133-151, August.
    25. Boritz, J. Efrim & Hayes, Louise & Lim, Jee-Hae, 2013. "A content analysis of auditors' reports on IT internal control weaknesses: The comparative advantages of an automated approach to control weakness identification," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 138-163.
    26. Mark L. Defond & Clive S. Lennox, 2017. "Do PCAOB Inspections Improve the Quality of Internal Control Audits?," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 55(3), pages 591-627, June.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. DeFond, Mark & Zhang, Jieying, 2014. "A review of archival auditing research," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(2), pages 275-326.
    2. Chalmers, Keryn & Hay, David & Khlif, Hichem, 2019. "Internal control in accounting research: A review," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 80-103.
    3. Skaife, Hollis A. & Veenman, David & Wangerin, Daniel, 2013. "Internal control over financial reporting and managerial rent extraction: Evidence from the profitability of insider trading," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(1), pages 91-110.
    4. Ji, Xu-dong & Lu, Wei & Qu, Wen, 2018. "Internal control risk and audit fees: Evidence from China," Journal of Contemporary Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 14(3), pages 266-287.
    5. Todd D. Kravet & Sarah E. McVay & David P. Weber, 2018. "Costs and benefits of internal control audits: evidence from M&A transactions," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 23(4), pages 1389-1423, December.
    6. Liu, Wu-Po & Huang, Hua-Wei, 2020. "Auditor realignment, voluntary SOX 404 adoption, and internal control material weakness remediation: Further evidence from U.S.-listed foreign firms," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 29(5).
    7. Ge, Weili & Koester, Allison & McVay, Sarah, 2017. "Benefits and costs of Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404(b) exemption: Evidence from small firms’ internal control disclosures," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(2), pages 358-384.
    8. Chan, Lilian H. & Chen, Kevin C.W. & Chen, Tai-Yuan & Yu, Yangxin, 2012. "The effects of firm-initiated clawback provisions on earnings quality and auditor behavior," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 54(2), pages 180-196.
    9. Oliver Henk, 2020. "Internal control through the lens of institutional work: a systematic literature review," Journal of Management Control: Zeitschrift für Planung und Unternehmenssteuerung, Springer, vol. 31(3), pages 239-273, September.
    10. Bryan, David B., 2017. "Organized labor, audit quality, and internal control," Advances in accounting, Elsevier, vol. 36(C), pages 11-26.
    11. Xia Chen & Mei Feng & Chan Li, 2020. "Family entrenchment and internal control: evidence from S&P 1500 firms," Review of Accounting Studies, Springer, vol. 25(1), pages 246-278, March.
    12. Baolei Qi & Liuchuang Li & Qing Zhou & Jinghui Sun, 2017. "Does internal control over financial reporting really alleviate agency conflicts?," Accounting and Finance, Accounting and Finance Association of Australia and New Zealand, vol. 57(4), pages 1101-1125, December.
    13. Cheng, Mei & Dhaliwal, Dan & Zhang, Yuan, 2013. "Does investment efficiency improve after the disclosure of material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting?," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 56(1), pages 1-18.
    14. Hoffman, Benjamin W. & Sellers, R. Drew & Skomra, Justyna, 2018. "The impact of client information technology capability on audit pricing," International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 59-75.
    15. Brad Badertscher & Bjorn Jorgensen & Sharon Katz & William Kinney, 2014. "Public Equity and Audit Pricing in the United States," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 52(2), pages 303-339, May.
    16. Inder K. Khurana & Hoyoun Kyung, 2021. "Internal control material weakness and CEO recruitment," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 48(9-10), pages 1940-1987, October.
    17. Beng Wee Goh & Jayanthi Krishnan & Dan Li, 2013. "Auditor Reporting under Section 404: The Association between the Internal Control and Going Concern Audit Opinions," Contemporary Accounting Research, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 30(3), pages 970-995, September.
    18. Mike Qinghao Mao & Yangxin Yu, 2015. "Analysts' Cash Flow Forecasts, Audit Effort, and Audit Opinions on Internal Control," Journal of Business Finance & Accounting, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 42(5-6), pages 635-664, June.
    19. William R. Kinney, Jr. & Marcy L. Shepardson, 2011. "Do Control Effectiveness Disclosures Require SOX 404(b) Internal Control Audits? A Natural Experiment with Small U.S. Public Companies," Journal of Accounting Research, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 49(2), pages 413-448, May.
    20. Johnson, Elizabeth & Reichelt, Kenneth J. & Soileau, Jared S., 2018. "No news is bad news: Do PCAOB part II reports have an effect on annually inspected firms’ audit fees and audit quality?," Journal of Accounting Literature, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 106-126.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ijoais:v:37:y:2020:i:c:s146708952030021x. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.journals.elsevier.com/international-journal-of-accounting-information-systems/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.