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Market responses to ESG amid signs of ESG De-institutionalization: evidence from the 2024 economic shock and Trump’s election victory

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  • Wei, Haitian
  • Ooi, Chai-Aun
  • Mohd-Rashid, Rasidah

Abstract

Amid the recent ESG de-institutionalization by major financial institutions, this study investigates market responses to ESG factors during two major events that shake the U.S. stock market in 2024: (1) an economic shock and (2) a political shock tied to Trump’s election victory. Overall, the market reacts negatively to higher-ESG stocks during both events. However, the economic shock does not trigger a significant effect of ESG on the returns of stocks held by institutional or retail strategic traders, whereas the political shock does, particularly reflecting a shared preference for stocks with stronger governance performance. We also find that ESG performance in fully free-floated stocks has a significantly negative impact on returns only during the political shock, suggesting that informed traders capitalized on Trump’s anti-ESG narrative. Ultimately, our findings imply that the market increasingly values ESG through the lens of regulatory and institutional support, rather than viewing it solely as a stakeholder-driven imperative for sustainability.

Suggested Citation

  • Wei, Haitian & Ooi, Chai-Aun & Mohd-Rashid, Rasidah, 2025. "Market responses to ESG amid signs of ESG De-institutionalization: evidence from the 2024 economic shock and Trump’s election victory," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 81(C).
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:finlet:v:81:y:2025:i:c:s1544612325007160
    DOI: 10.1016/j.frl.2025.107457
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    Keywords

    ESG; Economic; Recession; Politics; Election; Shock; market response; 2024;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D81 - Microeconomics - - Information, Knowledge, and Uncertainty - - - Criteria for Decision-Making under Risk and Uncertainty
    • G12 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Asset Pricing; Trading Volume; Bond Interest Rates
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • G39 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Other

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