Performance analysis of a negative-carbon methanol poly-generation system based on biomass to energy, CO2 capture, and green hydrogen production

Against the backdrop of decarbonization in the energy sector, the production of green methanol from green hydrogen and carbon dioxide (CO2) has garnered significant attention. This study proposes a green methanol poly-generation integrated system that integrates the biomass fired power plant (BFPP), carbon capture and storage (CCS), water electrolysis (WE), and methanol synthesis (MS), thereby effectively utilizing renewable electricity, providing green fuels, and achieving negative carbon emissions. In addition, through the efficient integration of materials and energy across various subsystems, the system achieves cascading energy utilization and efficient material conversion, not only effectively capturing and utilizing the CO2 emitted by the BFPP system, but also significantly improving the system's overall energy efficiency and methanol production. This study develops a thermodynamic model for the integrated system and establishes a multidimensional framework for analyzing system performance, including energy, exergy, economics, and sensitivity, to conduct a comprehensive evaluation of system performance. The analysis results indicate that the integrated system consumes 10.88 kg/s of biomass and 195.96 MW of curtailed renewable electricity, while producing 6.40 kg/s of green methanol and 23.20 MW of stable electricity. The system's energy efficiency reaches 50.42%, and the exergy efficiency is 54.23%. The integrated system entails a total capital expenditure of 186,060.61 k$ and exhibits a dynamic payback period of 4.53 years. This study can provide viable technical solutions for the integration of renewable energy and carbon dioxide emissions reduction in the energy sector.