Submitted to energy design of air-cooling and phase-change coupled heat dissipation structure and research on its synergistic mechanism

With the scientific and technological development, green travel has gained global prominence, the production of new energy vehicles (NEVs) has increased significantly. As a result, the charging speed of NEVs has attracted growing attention, leading to a surge in the number of high-power charging piles. This trend has further highlighted the importance of thermal management for high-power charging piles. To address the heat dissipation issue of high-power charging piles, this paper proposes an air-cooling and phase-change coupled heat dissipation system. After in-depth analysis of various parameters of the heat dissipation system, this work summarizes the mechanism of phase-change materials (PCMs) in the coupled heat dissipation system. Specifically, PCMs can regulate the temperature difference in the air duct, enhance the synergy between the velocity field and temperature field, suppress the backward shift of isotherm peaks, increase convection intensity, and improve temperature uniformity. Based on this mechanism, this work applies the field synergy theory and uses an optimization algorithm to perform topological optimization on structural design defects caused by the introduction of PCMs. Compared with the traditional air-cooling system, under the high-power condition of 360 KW, the optimized system successfully reduces the maximum temperature to 34.89 °C and improves the heat dissipation efficiency to 34.41%, achieving the optimal design of the heat dissipation system.This design leverages the physical property of PCMs to absorb heat during phase change, integrating PCMs into the traditional air-cooling system. It provides a reliable theoretical basis for future research on coupling PCMs with air-cooling or water-cooling heat dissipation systems.