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Clean combustion approach for sustainable emission mitigation and environmental protection in diesel engines using cocos nucifra biodiesel, green-synthesized nanoadditives and thermal barrier coating

Author

Listed:
  • Thiruselvam, Krishnamoorthi
  • Kistan, A.
  • Senthil, S.
  • Muthukumar, K.

Abstract

The increasing demand for cleaner and more energy-efficient utilization of diesel engines has accelerated interest in high-percentage biodiesel blends; however, their practical application is often limited by inferior combustion efficiency and higher emissions. This study investigates an integrated energy-enhancement strategy combining green-synthesized cerium-doped nickel oxide (Ce–NiO) nanoadditives and thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) to improve the energy conversion efficiency and emission performance of a diesel engine fueled with a 40% cocos nucifera oil methyl ester (40COBD) blend. Ce–NiO nanoparticles were synthesized via an environmentally benign co-precipitation method and characterized to confirm enhanced redox activity and catalytic potential. Engine experiments were conducted on a single-cylinder diesel engine with YSZ–Al2O3 coated piston and liner to evaluate energy performance, combustion behavior, and regulated emissions. The combined application of Ce–NiO and TBCs resulted in a significant reduction in brake specific fuel consumption (up to 20%) and an improvement in brake thermal efficiency (2.95%) compared to neat diesel, indicating improved energy utilization. Combustion analysis revealed shortened ignition delay, increased peak cylinder pressure, and improved heat release rate, demonstrating accelerated and more efficient energy release. Substantial emission reductions were achieved, including decreases in carbon monoxide (47.35%), unburned hydrocarbons (31 ppm), nitrogen oxides (84.2 ppm), and smoke opacity (30.19%). The results highlight that the synergistic interaction between nano-catalytic fuel modification and thermal insulation offers a practical pathway for enhancing energy efficiency and emission performance of high-biodiesel-content fuels, supporting cleaner and more sustainable energy use in diesel engines.

Suggested Citation

  • Thiruselvam, Krishnamoorthi & Kistan, A. & Senthil, S. & Muthukumar, K., 2026. "Clean combustion approach for sustainable emission mitigation and environmental protection in diesel engines using cocos nucifra biodiesel, green-synthesized nanoadditives and thermal barrier coating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:353:y:2026:i:c:s0360544226011072
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2026.141002
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