Optimal operation scheduling of water-energy nexus multi-microgrid systems integrated with energy storage systems and renewable energy

This paper proposed sustainable economic scheduling for water-multi-microgrid systems. In this structure, the neighbor microgrids cooperate together to simultaneously decrease the operation cost, carbon capture, and underground water extraction. The microgrids integrate distributed generation, battery energy storage systems, microturbines, fuel cells, diesel generators, and demand-side management to supply the needed energy for their consumers. In this cooperation model, microgrids are able to directly share the production units and direct energy trading among microgrids is possible. To consider the uncertainty of renewable generation and load demands, a hybrid robust-stochastic framework is applied to model to model the random nature of input parameters. Also, the water storage tank and desalination unit are incorporated into the multi-microgrid system to meet the needed freshwater by underground water resources and seawater. Also, a group decision-making framework is introduced to consider the viewpoint of neighbor microgrids to find the optimal solution. The presented approach is evaluated on both islanded and grid-connected multi-microgrid systems and numerical results show that the grid-connected mode reduces the operation cost of microgrids by $ 185.5, $ 153.82, and $ 81.94 by stochastic, robust, and hybrid models, respectively.