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Systematic optimization of hydrogen blending locations in natural gas pipeline networks for comprehensive satisfaction maximization

Author

Listed:
  • Zhou, Jun
  • Wu, Yue
  • Liu, Shitao
  • Zhu, Jiaxing
  • Liang, Guangchuan
  • Chen, Xinyue

Abstract

Hydrogen blending (HB) in natural gas pipelines represents the most economical method for long-distance, large-scale hydrogen transport. However, blending hydrogen alters gas composition, calorific value, and operational conditions. Terminal users and pipeline operators exhibit varying levels of satisfaction with these changes. To address this, factors such as user satisfaction (U-SAT), pipeline hydrogen flow satisfaction (Pflo-SAT), and pipeline pressure drop satisfaction (Pdro-SAT) must be considered when selecting optimal HB points in multi-source natural gas networks (NGN). A hydrogen blending locations optimization model based on comprehensive satisfaction (CSModel) is proposed. The model analyzes optimal hydrogen blending locations (HBL) under different satisfaction indicators and evaluates how variations in satisfaction weight coefficients affect comprehensive satisfaction (C-SAT). Using Belgian 20-node NGN as a case study, the analysis examines blending point selection under different satisfaction metrics. Results show that Pflo-SAT aligns with U-SAT, favoring reduced HB into the network, while opposing Pdro-SAT. Additionally, Pdro-SAT has the greatest impact on C-SAT, followed by Pflo-SAT, with U-SAT having the least influence.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhou, Jun & Wu, Yue & Liu, Shitao & Zhu, Jiaxing & Liang, Guangchuan & Chen, Xinyue, 2026. "Systematic optimization of hydrogen blending locations in natural gas pipeline networks for comprehensive satisfaction maximization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 345(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:345:y:2026:i:c:s0360544226001982
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2026.140096
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