An optimized energy management strategy for wind-PV hybrid heat pump systems with dual storage: Enhancing power-to-load interaction

The integration of renewable energy generation and heat pump systems has the potential to achieve the zero-energy goal of building energy systems. However, coordination and management among various energy sources require further exploration. This paper proposes a design management and optimization model for a wind/photovoltaic-heat pump (PV-HP) system integrating thermal energy storage and electric energy storage in an actual low-energy residential building. A novel energy interaction management strategy, including spring ground source precooling, summer cooling, autumn ground source preheating and winter heating mode, is proposed to improve the conversion of electric power into heating/cooling energy under both PV-HP case and wind/PV-HP case. Novel evaluation indicators of power-to-load factor and system independence factor are proposed to quantify the interaction capability of power-to-load and the self-consumption capability compared with the conventional temperature control. The two-stage optimization is conducted to improve the energy interaction control state of power-to-load based on the optimized system configuration. The research finding shows that the energy interaction management strategy is effective under both PV-HP case and wind/PV-HP case with the power-to-load factor at about 1.45 and 1.34, respectively. The system shows obvious self-consumption capability, reducing the system independence factor by 75.15 % in the PV-HP case and 69.82 % in the wind/PV-HP case. The levelized cost of energy is decreased by at least 54.70 % and the system performance is increased by at least 4.00 % in two optimum cases. The soil temperature of ground source drops by 0.42 °C during ten years, which can solves the problem of soil temperature imbalance effectively.