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Thermo-economic evaluation of Carnot battery integrated with high-temperature waste heat

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  • Xia, Xiaoxia
  • Li, Hongpeng
  • Wang, Zhiqi
  • Yang, Chengwu
  • Zuo, Qingsong
  • Zhu, Feiyi

Abstract

Thermal Integrated Carnot Battery (TI-CB) has attracted significant attention due to its ability to utilize waste heat to improve round-trip efficiency. However, the integration of Carnot batteries with medium temperature waste heat remains an area that needs to be explored. This study presents an innovative design of a high-temperature thermally integrated Carnot battery (HT-TICB), which can achieve the dual-stage integration of waste heat with a temperature above 140 °C and the TICB system. Additionally, the system enhances round-trip efficiency through a thermal upgrader, which raises the heat storage temperature while maintaining the condensing temperature of the heat pump. The effects of heat storage temperature, heat source temperature, and flow rate on the thermo-economic performance of the system are investigated. There is optimal heat storage temperature of 160 °C achieves the highest exergy efficiency of 23.3 % and the lowest LCOS of 0.222$/kWh at a heat source temperature of 200 °C. The waste heat provides a large amount of heat to the HT-TICB system, and the system has a round-trip efficiency of 424.1 % under the optimal heat storage temperature. The temperature of heat source has a much higher impact on the system performance than its flow rate, and the higher the heat source temperature, the higher the thermo-economic performance obtained by the system.

Suggested Citation

  • Xia, Xiaoxia & Li, Hongpeng & Wang, Zhiqi & Yang, Chengwu & Zuo, Qingsong & Zhu, Feiyi, 2025. "Thermo-economic evaluation of Carnot battery integrated with high-temperature waste heat," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:335:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225036229
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.137980
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