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Multi-parameter effects on CO2 mineralization in Basalt: A numerical-sensitivity analysis of CO2 storage in Basalt from Sichuan Basin, southwestern China

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  • Deng, Hengchun
  • Yu, Chunsheng
  • Jiang, Qi
  • Gu, Chao
  • Luo, Yuqing

Abstract

Basalt CO2 mineralization storage stands as a promising technology for mitigating CO2 emissions. Existing research lacks systematic analysis of the nonlinear coupling effects of multiple parameters and insufficiently evaluates regional storage effectiveness. This study focuses on Permian basalt in the Sichuan Basin, Southwest China. Utilizing CMG-GEM and CMG-CMOST, it reveals the evolutionary patterns of CO2 trapping mechanisms and quantitatively assesses the independent and coupled impacts of temperature, pressure, porosity, permeability, and pH on CO2 mineralization efficiency. The results indicate that the basalt CO2 sequestration process exhibits four distinct stages: structural trapping-dominated (0–1 year), structural trapping-waned (1–3 years), mineral trapping-dominated (3–10 years), and long-term stabilization (>15 years). After 20 years of CO2 injection, mineral trapping accounts for over 90 % of the total sequestration, with forsterite and anorthite as the primary dissolved minerals and calcite and magnesite as the main precipitates. Sensitivity analysis shows that temperature has the highest contribution weight (57 %) to mineralization efficiency, followed by porosity (24 %) and permeability (19 %), while pH and pressure exhibit weaker influences. Interaction effects reveal that the temperature-porosity coupling has the highest contribution weight (9 %), followed by pressure-pH, while permeability has the weakest impact. High temperature, high porosity, high permeability, and weakly acidic conditions significantly enhance mineralization efficiency. This study innovatively integrates numerical simulation with proxy modeling, providing the first quantitative elucidation of the multi-parameter nonlinear coupling mechanisms governing CO2 storage in Sichuan Basin basalt. It emphasizes that engineering optimization and reservoir site selection must cooperatively regulate temperature-porosity-permeability-pH to maximize mineralization efficiency and reduce uncertainties.

Suggested Citation

  • Deng, Hengchun & Yu, Chunsheng & Jiang, Qi & Gu, Chao & Luo, Yuqing, 2025. "Multi-parameter effects on CO2 mineralization in Basalt: A numerical-sensitivity analysis of CO2 storage in Basalt from Sichuan Basin, southwestern China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:335:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225034450
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.137803
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