Collaborative optimization for cross-regional integrated energy systems producing electricity-heat-hydrogen based on generalized Nash bargaining

Integrated energy systems are regarded as the core development direction for future energy and power transition. By adopting a coordinated multi-energy supply mode, these systems break through the limitations of traditional single-energy supply and achieve the coupling and cascading utilization of heterogeneous energy sources. This study constructs a cooperative game framework for electricity-heat-hydrogen multi-energy sharing among integrated energy systems, innovatively introducing heterogeneous energy sharing mechanisms into the field of regional energy collaborative optimization. Based on the generalized Nash bargaining theory, the cooperative game process is decoupled into two sub-problems: alliance benefit maximization and benefit distribution equilibrium, with the adaptive alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm employed for model solving. Case analysis demonstrates that the proposed multi-energy sharing mechanism reduces operational costs by 4.97 % and decreases carbon emissions by 0.81 % in regional integrated energy systems, validating the algorithm's computational superiority in multidimensional complex models. Empirical results indicate that this collaborative optimization mode effectively promotes the economic operation and green low-carbon transition of regional energy systems through enhanced energy utilization efficiency and optimized resource allocation, thereby proving the rationality of multi-regional multi-energy sharing paradigms.