IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v330y2025ics0360544225026544.html

Experimental and simulation investigation on the hydrocarbon adsorption performance of the transition metal ion-modified zeolite during cold start process of automotive engine

Author

Listed:
  • Zou, Zeyu
  • Kou, Chuanfu
  • E, Jiaqiang
  • Xiang, Chen
  • Feng, Changling

Abstract

To optimize the hydrocarbon adsorption capacity of zeolite adsorbents, Fe-beta zeolites with iron loadings of 1 %, 3 %, and 5 wt% were prepared using an isovolumetric impregnation method. The adsorption and desorption strengths of Fe-beta and prototype H-beta zeolites on hydrocarbon mixtures of acetylene (C2H2), acetaldehyde (C2H4O), and 1-butene (C4H8) were determined by adsorption breakthrough tests and temperature programmed desorption experiments. The experimental results showed that the amount of hydrocarbon gases adsorbed by beta zeolite was 1-butene > acetaldehyde > acetylene. The introduction of iron ions enhanced the adsorption performance of beta zeolite for C4H8 and C2H4O but reduced the adsorption amount of C2H2; when the iron loading increased, the adsorption amount of C2H4O increased, while the adsorption capacity of C4H8 decreased; iron modification improved both the retention amount and retention temperature of C4H8. Further molecular simulations were used to investigate the hydrocarbon adsorption and diffusion mechanisms of transition metal (Fe2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) modified zeolites (MFI, MWW, BEA). The adsorption simulation results showed that transition metal modification led to enhanced hydrophilicity as well as local electric field of the zeolites, and increased adsorption of C2H4O while decreased adsorption of C4H8. Three transition metal ions showed less difference in the effects of zeolite modification. When hydrocarbon molecules diffused inside the zeolite, the higher temperatures led to faster diffusion, hydrocarbon molecules with larger diameters and stronger polarities were more difficult to diffuse, and the influence of temperature on the diffusion coefficient of the hydrocarbon molecules was reduced in the case of multi-component diffusion.

Suggested Citation

  • Zou, Zeyu & Kou, Chuanfu & E, Jiaqiang & Xiang, Chen & Feng, Changling, 2025. "Experimental and simulation investigation on the hydrocarbon adsorption performance of the transition metal ion-modified zeolite during cold start process of automotive engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:330:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225026544
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.137012
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225026544
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.137012?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Han, Dandan & Deng, Yuanwang & E, Jiaqiang & Feng, Changling & Tan, Yan, 2023. "Experimental and simulation study on Fe-beta controlling of hydrocarbon emission during cold start of gasoline vehicle world light vehicle test cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    2. Ou, Xunmin & Zhang, Xiliang & Chang, Shiyan, 2010. "Scenario analysis on alternative fuel/vehicle for China's future road transport: Life-cycle energy demand and GHG emissions," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(8), pages 3943-3956, August.
    3. Ou, Xunmin & Yan, Xiaoyu & Zhang, Xiliang & Liu, Zhen, 2012. "Life-cycle analysis on energy consumption and GHG emission intensities of alternative vehicle fuels in China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 218-224.
    4. Feng, Changling & E, Jiaqiang & Kou, Chuanfu & Han, Dandan & Han, Chang & Tan, Yan & Deng, Yuanwang, 2024. "Investigation on the hydrocarbon adsorption performance enhancement of the ZSM-5 zeolite with different Si/Al ratio in the cold start process of the gasoline engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    5. Han, Dandan & E, Jiaqiang & Feng, Changling & Han, Chang & Kou, Chuanfu & Tan, Yan & Peng, Yanchun & Wei, Lingyun, 2024. "Experimental and simulation investigation on the different iron content beta zeolite for controlling the cold-start hydrocarbon emission from a gasoline vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    6. E, Jiaqiang & Zou, Zeyu & Kou, Chuanfu & Tan, Yan & Feng, Changlin & Zhou, Haiyun, 2024. "Effect analysis on hydrocarbon adsorption performance of transition metal modified zeolites in the gasoline engine during cold start process using Monte Carlo method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    7. Ren, Lei & Zhou, Sheng & Ou, Xunmin, 2023. "The carbon reduction potential of hydrogen in the low carbon transition of the iron and steel industry: The case of China," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 171(C).
    8. Reckien, D. & Salvia, M. & Pietrapertosa, F. & Simoes, S.G. & Olazabal, M. & De Gregorio Hurtado, S. & Geneletti, D. & Krkoška Lorencová, E. & D'Alonzo, V. & Krook-Riekkola, A. & Fokaides, P.A. & Ioan, 2019. "Dedicated versus mainstreaming approaches in local climate plans in Europe," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 948-959.
    9. Ou, Xunmin & Zhang, Xiliang & Chang, Shiyan & Guo, Qingfang, 2009. "Energy consumption and GHG emissions of six biofuel pathways by LCA in (the) People's Republic of China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(Supplemen), pages 197-208, November.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Yang, Yong & Wang, Yang & Long, Wuqiang & Cui, Jingchen & Dong, Pengbo & Wang, Qianming & Chen, Weize, 2025. "Synergistic impacts of methanol hydration/reforming on methanol-diesel dual direct injection engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 338(C).
    2. Shen, Zhuang & Zhai, Runhang & Chen, Wei & Zuo, Qingsong & Yang, Wenming, 2025. "Regulation of hydrocarbon adsorption and diffusion in ZIF-20 through functional group modification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Kou, Chuanfu & Feng, Changling & Ning, Dezhong & Xiang, Chen & Tan, Yan & E, Jiaqiang, 2025. "Collaborative optimization design of intake and combustion chamber structures for heavy-duty natural gas engines under knock limitation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
    2. E, Jiaqiang & Zhou, Haiyun & Kou, Chuanfu & Feng, Changlin & Zou, Zeyu, 2024. "Effect analysis on the hydrocarbon adsorption performance enhancement of the different zeolite molecular sieves in the gasoline engine under the cold start process," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    3. Shen, Zhuang & Zhai, Runhang & Chen, Wei & Zuo, Qingsong & Yang, Wenming, 2025. "Regulation of hydrocarbon adsorption and diffusion in ZIF-20 through functional group modification," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    4. Han, Dandan & Deng, Yuanwang & E, Jiaqiang & Feng, Changling & Tan, Yan, 2023. "Experimental and simulation study on Fe-beta controlling of hydrocarbon emission during cold start of gasoline vehicle world light vehicle test cycle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 277(C).
    5. E, Jiaqiang & Zou, Zeyu & Kou, Chuanfu & Tan, Yan & Feng, Changlin & Zhou, Haiyun, 2024. "Effect analysis on hydrocarbon adsorption performance of transition metal modified zeolites in the gasoline engine during cold start process using Monte Carlo method," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    6. Feng, Changling & E, Jiaqiang & Kou, Chuanfu & Han, Dandan & Han, Chang & Tan, Yan & Deng, Yuanwang, 2024. "Investigation on the hydrocarbon adsorption performance enhancement of the ZSM-5 zeolite with different Si/Al ratio in the cold start process of the gasoline engine," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 300(C).
    7. Zhang, Zhiqing & Liu, Hui & Yang, Dayong & Li, Junming & Lu, Kai & Ye, Yanshuai & Tan, Dongli, 2024. "Performance enhancements of power density and exergy efficiency for high-temperature proton exchange membrane fuel cell based on RSM-NSGA III," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
    8. Tan, Yan & E, Jiaqiang & Kou, Chuanfu & Feng, Changlin & Han, Dandan, 2024. "Effects of critical structure parameters on conversion performance enhancement of a Pd–Rh dual-carrier catalytic converter for heavy-duty natural gas engines," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    9. Han, Dandan & E, Jiaqiang & Feng, Changling & Han, Chang & Kou, Chuanfu & Tan, Yan & Peng, Yanchun & Wei, Lingyun, 2024. "Experimental and simulation investigation on the different iron content beta zeolite for controlling the cold-start hydrocarbon emission from a gasoline vehicle," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 294(C).
    10. Li, Xin & Ou, Xunmin & Zhang, Xu & Zhang, Qian & Zhang, Xiliang, 2013. "Life-cycle fossil energy consumption and greenhouse gas emission intensity of dominant secondary energy pathways of China in 2010," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 15-23.
    11. Feng, Changling & Deng, Yuanwang & E, Jiaqiang & Han, Dandan & Tan, Yan & Luo, Xiaoyu, 2022. "Effects of the ZSM-5 zeolites on hydrocarbon emission control of gasoline engine under cold start," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 260(C).
    12. Tianduo Peng & Sheng Zhou & Zhiyi Yuan & Xunmin Ou, 2017. "Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Analysis of Multiple Vehicle Fuel Pathways in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-24, November.
    13. Zheng, Bo & Zhang, Qiang & Borken-Kleefeld, Jens & Huo, Hong & Guan, Dabo & Klimont, Zbigniew & Peters, Glen P. & He, Kebin, 2015. "How will greenhouse gas emissions from motor vehicles be constrained in China around 2030?," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 156(C), pages 230-240.
    14. Peng, Tianduo & Ou, Xunmin & Yuan, Zhiyi & Yan, Xiaoyu & Zhang, Xiliang, 2018. "Development and application of China provincial road transport energy demand and GHG emissions analysis model," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 222(C), pages 313-328.
    15. Ren, Lei & Zhou, Sheng & Peng, Tianduo & Ou, Xunmin, 2022. "Greenhouse gas life cycle analysis of China's fuel cell medium- and heavy-duty trucks under segmented usage scenarios and vehicle types," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 249(C).
    16. Song, Hongqing & Ou, Xunmin & Yuan, Jiehui & Yu, Mingxu & Wang, Cheng, 2017. "Energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions of diesel/LNG heavy-duty vehicle fleets in China based on a bottom-up model analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 140(P1), pages 966-978.
    17. Wang, Changbo & Zhang, Lixiao & Chang, Yuan & Pang, Mingyue, 2021. "Energy return on investment (EROI) of biomass conversion systems in China: Meta-analysis focused on system boundary unification," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    18. Ye, Jiahao & Peng, Qingguo & Zhang, Fugui & Zhang, Long & Liu, Hai, 2025. "Investigation on improvement of hydrocarbon adsorption of zeolites molecular sieves for the engine emission reduction," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 340(C).
    19. Ren, Lei & Shi, Hong & Yang, Yifang & Liu, Jianzhe & Ou, Xunmin, 2025. "Carbon reduction cost of hydrogen steelmaking technology in China," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 320(C).
    20. Huo, Hong & Wang, Michael & Zhang, Xiliang & He, Kebin & Gong, Huiming & Jiang, Kejun & Jin, Yuefu & Shi, Yaodong & Yu, Xin, 2012. "Projection of energy use and greenhouse gas emissions by motor vehicles in China: Policy options and impacts," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 43(C), pages 37-48.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:330:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225026544. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.