IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v330y2025ics0360544225024922.html

Multi-stage liquid separation condensation high-temperature heat pump system using zeotropic working fluid: System construction and comparison with traditional solutions

Author

Listed:
  • Dai, Baomin
  • Li, Xinhai
  • Liu, Xiao
  • Han, Jilei
  • Zhang, Tong
  • Zou, Tonghua
  • Liu, Shengchun

Abstract

Aiming to solve the problem of energy efficiency degradation and large heat transfer irreversible loss caused by the temperature mismatching for traditional high temperature heat pump system. Zeotropic multi-stage liquid-vapor separation condensation (MLSC) high-temperature heat pump system is proposed. The double-stage (DLSC) and triple-stage (TLSC) liquid-vapor separation condensation heat pump systems are further studied. The energy, exergy, economic and environmental analysis models are established, and the system performance are compared with single-stage condensation (SC) heat pump system that utilizes pure and zeotropic working fluid. The results show, maximum coefficient of performance (COP) can be obtained under optimal vapor quality for MLSC system. The temperature matching between the working fluid and the heat transfer fluid for the MLSC system is alleviated with thermal match indicator of the TLSC and DLSC system decreases by 8.9–23.83 % compared with the SC system using zeotropic working fluid. The TLSC system is capable of remarkably decreasing the exergy destruction, with a reduction rate of 23.78 %. The TLSC system demonstrates better heat transfer performance with the total heat transfer coefficient being 9.83 % higher. The heat transfer area and cost of the condenser for TLSC system is reduced by 13.25–17.09 % and 9.91–12.85 % in comparison to the SC system using zeotropic working fluid, respectively. The MLSC system shows a reduction of 14.85–16.76 % in life cycle carbon emissions when compared with SC system that uses pure working fluid. This study is able to offer a theoretical reference for the progress of advanced high-temperature heat pump system with higher energy efficiency.

Suggested Citation

  • Dai, Baomin & Li, Xinhai & Liu, Xiao & Han, Jilei & Zhang, Tong & Zou, Tonghua & Liu, Shengchun, 2025. "Multi-stage liquid separation condensation high-temperature heat pump system using zeotropic working fluid: System construction and comparison with traditional solutions," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:330:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225024922
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136850
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225024922
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.136850?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dai, Baomin & Feng, Yining & Liu, Shengchun & Yao, Xiaole & Zhang, Jianing & Wang, Bowen & Wang, Dabiao, 2023. "Dual pressure condensation heating high temperature heat pump using eco-friendly working fluid mixtures for industrial heating processes: 4E analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    2. Guo, Hao & Gong, Maoqiong & Qin, Xiaoyu, 2019. "Performance analysis of a modified subcritical zeotropic mixture recuperative high-temperature heat pump," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 237(C), pages 338-352.
    3. Zhang, Qunli & Zhang, Lin & Nie, Jinzhe & Li, Yinlong, 2017. "Techno-economic analysis of air source heat pump applied for space heating in northern China," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 533-542.
    4. Li, Jian & Hu, Shuozhuo & Yang, Fubin & Duan, Yuanyuan & Yang, Zhen, 2019. "Thermo-economic performance evaluation of emerging liquid-separated condensation method in single-pressure and dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycle systems," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(C).
    5. Luo, Xianglong & Yi, Zhitong & Zhang, Bingjian & Mo, Songping & Wang, Chao & Song, Mengjie & Chen, Ying, 2017. "Mathematical modelling and optimization of the liquid separation condenser used in organic Rankine cycle," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 185(P2), pages 1309-1323.
    6. Zühlsdorf, Benjamin & Jensen, Jonas Kjær & Cignitti, Stefano & Madsen, Claus & Elmegaard, Brian, 2018. "Analysis of temperature glide matching of heat pumps with zeotropic working fluid mixtures for different temperature glides," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 153(C), pages 650-660.
    7. Adamson, Keri-Marie & Walmsley, Timothy Gordon & Carson, James K. & Chen, Qun & Schlosser, Florian & Kong, Lana & Cleland, Donald John, 2022. "High-temperature and transcritical heat pump cycles and advancements: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
    8. Wu, Di & Yan, Hongzhi & Hu, Bin & Wang, R.Z., 2019. "Modeling and simulation on a water vapor high temperature heat pump system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 1063-1072.
    9. Yi, Zhitong & Luo, Xianglong & Chen, Jianyong & Chen, Ying, 2017. "Mathematical modelling and optimization of a liquid separation condenser-based organic Rankine cycle used in waste heat utilization," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 916-934.
    10. Hakkaki-Fard, Ali & Eslami-Nejad, Parham & Aidoun, Zine & Ouzzane, Mohamed, 2015. "A techno-economic comparison of a direct expansion ground-source and an air-source heat pump system in Canadian cold climates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 87(C), pages 49-59.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Mostafa Babaei, S. & Patel, Martin K., 2025. "Deep decarbonization of the pulp and paper industry: Heat integration and techno-economic analysis combined with tailored heat pumps," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 338(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Dai, Baomin & Feng, Yining & Liu, Shengchun & Yao, Xiaole & Zhang, Jianing & Wang, Bowen & Wang, Dabiao, 2023. "Dual pressure condensation heating high temperature heat pump using eco-friendly working fluid mixtures for industrial heating processes: 4E analysis," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 283(C).
    2. Shi, Liubao & Zhang, Zhihao & He, Guogeng & Hua, Jialiang & Wang, Xingmin & Li, Ruikang & Lv, Ruiting, 2025. "A comprehensive analysis of novel environmentally friendly refrigerants in high-temperature heat pumps for industrial heating," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 341(C).
    3. Pei Lu & Zheng Liang & Xianglong Luo & Yangkai Xia & Jin Wang & Kaihuang Chen & Yingzong Liang & Jianyong Chen & Zhi Yang & Jiacheng He & Ying Chen, 2023. "Design and Optimization of Organic Rankine Cycle Based on Heat Transfer Enhancement and Novel Heat Exchanger: A Review," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(3), pages 1-34, January.
    4. Jouhara, Hussam & Żabnieńska-Góra, Alina & Delpech, Bertrand & Olabi, Valentina & El Samad, Tala & Sayma, Abdulnaser, 2024. "High-temperature heat pumps: Fundamentals, modelling approaches and applications," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 303(C).
    5. Dai, Baomin & Liu, Xiao & Liu, Shengchun & Wang, Dabiao & Meng, Chenyang & Wang, Qi & Song, Yifan & Zou, Tonghua, 2022. "Life cycle performance evaluation of cascade-heating high temperature heat pump system for waste heat utilization: Energy consumption, emissions and financial analyses," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 261(PB).
    6. Wu, Jinxing & Sun, Shoujun & Song, Qinglu & Sun, Dandan & Wang, Dechang & Li, Jiaxu, 2023. "Energy, exergy, exergoeconomic and environmental (4E) analysis of cascade heat pump, recuperative heat pump and carbon dioxide heat pump with different temperature lifts," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 207(C), pages 407-421.
    7. Li, Jian & Liu, Qiang & Ge, Zhong & Duan, Yuanyuan & Yang, Zhen & Di, Jiawei, 2017. "Optimized liquid-separated thermodynamic states for working fluids of organic Rankine cycles with liquid-separated condensation," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 141(C), pages 652-660.
    8. Wang, Ruzhu & Yan, Hongzhi & Wu, Di & Jiang, Jiatong & Dong, Yixiu, 2024. "High temperature heat pumps for industrial heating processes using water as refrigerant," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    9. Liang, Zheng & Liang, Yingzong & Luo, Xianglong & Chen, Jianyong & Yang, Zhi & Wang, Chao & Chen, Ying, 2022. "Superstructure-based mixed-integer nonlinear programming framework for hybrid heat sources driven organic Rankine cycle optimization," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 307(C).
    10. Zhenying Zhang & Jiaqi Wang & Meiyuan Yang & Kai Gong & Mei Yang, 2022. "Environmental and Economic Analysis of Heating Solutions for Rural Residences in China," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-15, April.
    11. Li, Jian & Ge, Zhong & Duan, Yuanyuan & Yang, Zhen & Liu, Qiang, 2018. "Parametric optimization and thermodynamic performance comparison of single-pressure and dual-pressure evaporation organic Rankine cycles," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 217(C), pages 409-421.
    12. Hu, Bin & Xu, Liang & Xiang, Bo & Shi, Lijun & Jiang, Shuai & Jia, Jikang & Lv, Yongji & Tan, Maoxin & Si, Pengfei, 2025. "Experimental study on a direct steam generation unit of high temperature air source heat pump," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 330(C).
    13. Zhu, Tingting & Vieren, Elias & Liang, Jierong & Thorsen, Jan Eric & De Paepe, Michel & Lecompte, Steven & Elmegaard, Brian, 2024. "Booster heat pump with drop-in zeotropic mixtures applied in ultra-low temperature district heating system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 305(C).
    14. Liang, Jierong & Sun, Li & Cheng, Chong & Wang, Kun & Zhu, Tingting & Li, Tingxun, 2024. "Advancing gasoline vapor recovery in oil depots: Integrating cooling and adsorption technologies," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    15. Yang, Lingxiao & Wang, Xin & Xu, Bo & Chen, Zhenqian, 2026. "Characterization, optimization and feasibility analysis of a novel high-temperature heat pump with large temperature differentials for combined cooling and heating supply," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 256(PG).
    16. Gómez-Hernández, J. & Grimes, R. & Briongos, J.V. & Marugán-Cruz, C. & Santana, D., 2023. "Carbon dioxide and acetone mixtures as refrigerants for industry heat pumps to supply temperature in the range 150–220 oC," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 269(C).
    17. Xu, Weicong & Zhao, Ruikai & Deng, Shuai & Zhao, Li & Mao, Samuel S., 2021. "Is zeotropic working fluid a promising option for organic Rankine cycle: A quantitative evaluation based on literature data," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 148(C).
    18. Liu, Chao & Wang, Shukun & Zhang, Cheng & Li, Qibin & Xu, Xiaoxiao & Huo, Erguang, 2019. "Experimental study of micro-scale organic Rankine cycle system based on scroll expander," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 188(C).
    19. Wei, Youxing & Luo, Xianglong & Liang, Yingzong & Chen, Jianyong & Yang, Zhi & He, Jiacheng & Wang, Chao & Chen, Ying, 2022. "Time series aggregation-based design and operation optimization of a solar-driven organic Rankine cycle incorporating variation of environmental temperature and solar radiation," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C), pages 87-106.
    20. Wu, Ding & Ma, Bo & Zhang, Ji & Chen, Yanqi & Shen, Feifan & Chen, Xun & Wen, Chuang & Yang, Yan, 2024. "Working fluid pair selection of thermally integrated pumped thermal electricity storage system for waste heat recovery and energy storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 371(C).

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:330:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225024922. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.