IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/energy/v329y2025ics0360544225023916.html

Quantifying the flexibility regulation potential and economic value of pumped storage in extreme scenarios of multi-energy complementary system

Author

Listed:
  • Yang, Jingyue
  • Zhang, Hao
  • Li, Chenxi
  • Guo, Pengcheng
  • Ming, Bo

Abstract

The power system with a high proportion of renewable energy installed capacity requires large-scale power supply adjustment to ensure stable operation. Pumped storage, as a typical large-scale flexible power supply, can effectively stabilize the output fluctuations of renewable energy. This study aims to enhance the flexibility of novel power systems by exploring the regulation potential of pumped storage under extreme scenarios. Extreme scenarios with low, medium, and high renewable penetration rates are generated using Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) clustering. These scenarios enable an in-depth analysis of flexibility regulation demands and capabilities on both the supply and demand sides. A scheduling optimization model is developed to assess the flexibility regulation capacity and economic benefits of pumped storage. The model quantifies the flexibility regulation capacity and the total daily electricity cost of pumped storage under different scenarios. The results show that in the medium penetration scenario, the total transferable load and its peak periods are reduced. In the high penetration scenario, the flexibility regulation capacity of pumped storage becomes more pronounced. When the ratio of renewable energy, pumped storage, and thermal power is 2:1:1, pumped storage provides enhanced flexibility regulation and minimizes the total electricity cost.

Suggested Citation

  • Yang, Jingyue & Zhang, Hao & Li, Chenxi & Guo, Pengcheng & Ming, Bo, 2025. "Quantifying the flexibility regulation potential and economic value of pumped storage in extreme scenarios of multi-energy complementary system," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 329(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:329:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225023916
    DOI: 10.1016/j.energy.2025.136749
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0360544225023916
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.energy.2025.136749?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Bai, Xueyan & Fan, Yanfang & Hou, Junjie & Liu, Junyi, 2023. "Evaluation method of renewable energy flexibility confidence capacity under different penetration rates," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 281(C).
    2. Zhao, Ziwen & Yuan, Yichen & He, Mengjiao & Jurasz, Jakub & Wang, Jianan & Egusquiza, Mònica & Egusquiza, Eduard & Xu, Beibei & Chen, Diyi, 2022. "Stability and efficiency performance of pumped hydro energy storage system for higher flexibility," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 1482-1494.
    3. Wu, Mou & Yan, Rujing & Zhang, Jing & Fan, Junqiu & Wang, Jiangjiang & Bai, Zhang & He, Yu & Cao, Guoqiang & Hu, Keling, 2024. "An enhanced stochastic optimization for more flexibility on integrated energy system with flexible loads and a high penetration level of renewables," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 227(C).
    4. Li, Peiquan & Zhao, Ziwen & Li, Jianling & Liu, Zhengguang & Liu, Yong & Mahmud, Md Apel & Sun, Yong & Chen, Diyi, 2023. "Unlocking potential contribution of seasonal pumped storage to ensure the flexibility of power systems with high proportion of renewable energy sources," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 218(C).
    5. Daneshvar, Mohammadreza & Mohammadi-Ivatloo, Behnam & Zare, Kazem & Asadi, Somayeh, 2020. "Two-stage stochastic programming model for optimal scheduling of the wind-thermal-hydropower-pumped storage system considering the flexibility assessment," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    6. Cui, Jindong & Ran, Zihan & Shen, Wei & Xin, Yechun, 2024. "Study on multi-type flexible load control method of active distribution network based on dynamic time-sharing electricity price," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 357(C).
    7. Wang, Chunling & Liu, Chunming & Chen, Jian & Zhang, Gaoyuan, 2024. "Cooperative planning of renewable energy generation and multi-timescale flexible resources in active distribution networks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 356(C).
    8. Dong, Zeyuan & Zhang, Zhao & Huang, Minghui & Yang, Shaorong & Zhu, Jun & Zhang, Meng & Chen, Dongjiu, 2024. "Research on day-ahead optimal dispatching of virtual power plants considering the coordinated operation of diverse flexible loads and new energy," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 297(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Zhou, Mengran & Wang, Kun & Hu, Feng & Li, Jinzhong & Gao, Lipeng & Zhang, Yuewen & Jia, Xiaoyun & Zhao, Ziqi, 2026. "Active distribution network operation optimization problem for hybrid energy storage systems containing abandoned mine pumped storage-battery storage: an improved artificial protozoa optimization algorithm," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 402(PB).
    2. Cui, Zilong & Guo, Wencheng, 2026. "Coordinated operation of grid-connected hybrid system composed of pumped storage and wind under hydraulic short circuit operation mode," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 342(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Peng, Zhiwen & Guo, Aijun & Chang, Jianxia & Wang, Yimin & Wang, Xuebin & Zhang, Junhao, 2025. "Cluster-type open-loop pumped storage power stations with hydraulic connections exacerbate water level fluctuations of conventional hydropower stations and alter hydropower flexibility," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    2. Wang, Zhenni & Tan, Qiaofeng & Wen, Xin & Su, Huaying & Fang, Guohua & Wang, Hao, 2025. "Capacity optimization of retrofitting cascade hydropower plants with pumping stations for renewable energy integration: A case study," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PC).
    3. Yang, Shangrong & Yan, Rujing & Zhang, Jing & Wang, Jiangjiang & Bai, Zhang & He, Yu & Hu, Keling & Ao, Xuan, 2025. "Nested long-short-term temporal compression optimization for high-renewable integrated energy systems with hydrogen storage and heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 333(C).
    4. Morovat, Navid & Athienitis, Andreas K. & Candanedo, José Agustín & Nouanegue, Hervé Frank, 2024. "Heuristic model predictive control implementation to activate energy flexibility in a fully electric school building," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 296(C).
    5. Zhang, Gaohang & Li, Fengting & Wang, Sen & Yin, Chunya, 2023. "Robust low-carbon energy and reserve scheduling considering operational risk and flexibility improvement," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 284(C).
    6. Yunfei Hu & Kefei Zhang & Sheng Liu & Zhong Wang, 2025. "Research on Day-Ahead Optimal Scheduling of Wind–PV–Thermal–Pumped Storage Based on the Improved Multi-Objective Jellyfish Search Algorithm," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-38, April.
    7. Lai, Chunyang & Kazemtabrizi, Behzad, 2025. "A novel two-stage framework to improve the flexibility of grid connected wind-hydro power system in real-time operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 396(C).
    8. Ali Dargahi & Khezr Sanjani & Morteza Nazari-Heris & Behnam Mohammadi-Ivatloo & Sajjad Tohidi & Mousa Marzband, 2020. "Scheduling of Air Conditioning and Thermal Energy Storage Systems Considering Demand Response Programs," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(18), pages 1-13, September.
    9. Su, Xin & Zhang, Qian & Lu, YangDong & Hao, RuiYi & Qin, TianXi & Li, ChunYan & Huang, ShengWei & Bi, KeFan, 2025. "Study on multi-energy scheduling strategy considering dynamic energy prices and low-carbon demand response," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 247(C).
    10. Hosseini Dehshiri, Seyyed Jalaladdin & Amiri, Maghsoud & Hosseini Bamakan, Seyed Mojtaba, 2024. "Evaluating the blockchain technology strategies for reducing renewable energy development risks using a novel integrated decision framework," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 289(C).
    11. Junqiu Fan & Jing Zhang & Long Yuan & Rujing Yan & Yu He & Weixing Zhao & Nang Nin, 2024. "Deep Low-Carbon Economic Optimization Using CCUS and Two-Stage P2G with Multiple Hydrogen Utilizations for an Integrated Energy System with a High Penetration Level of Renewables," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(13), pages 1-20, July.
    12. Bi, Zhenhui & Guo, Yintong & Yang, Chunhe & Yang, Hanzhi & Wang, Lei & He, Yuting & Guo, Wuhao, 2025. "Numerical investigation of fluid dynamics in aquifers for seasonal large-scale hydrogen storage using compositional simulations," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    13. Zhou, Yixing & Hou, Hongjuan & Yan, Haoran & Wang, Xi & Zhou, Rhonin, 2025. "Data-driven distributionally robust stochastic optimal dispatching method of integrated energy system considering multiple uncertainties," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 325(C).
    14. Keyong Hu & Qingqing Yang & Lei Lu & Yu Zhang & Shuifa Sun & Ben Wang, 2025. "Two-Stage Distributionally Robust Optimal Scheduling for Integrated Energy Systems Considering Uncertainties in Renewable Generation and Loads," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-30, April.
    15. Lv, Chaoxian & Chai, Yuanyuan & Qu, Kaiping & Liang, Rui, 2025. "Multi-entity pricing-enabled supply recovery for electricity-gas energy system with coordinated flexibilities: a hierarchical game approach," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 334(C).
    16. Zhou, Yanlai & Ning, Zhihao & Huang, Kangkang & Guo, Shenglian & Xu, Chong-Yu & Chang, Fi-John, 2025. "Sustainable energy integration: Enhancing the complementary operation of pumped-storage power and hydropower systems," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 210(C).
    17. Wang, Huan & Liao, Shengli & Cheng, Chuntian & Liu, Benxi & Fang, Zhou & Wu, Huijun, 2025. "Short-term scheduling strategies for hydro-wind-solar-storage considering variable-speed unit of pumped storage," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PA).
    18. Qiao, Long & Pu, Wenhao & Wu, Bingwei & Liu, Ruihang & Song, Nanxin, 2024. "Performance study of a supercritical carbon dioxide energy storage system with non-uniform graded compression heat recovery," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    19. Zhang, Pengfei & Ma, Chao & Lian, Jijian & Li, Peiyao & Liu, Lu, 2024. "Medium- and long-term operation optimization of the LCHES-WP hybrid power system considering the settlement rules of the electricity trading market," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 359(C).
    20. Liping Huang & Fanxin Zhong & Chun Sing Lai & Bang Zhong & Qijun Xiao & Weitai Hsu, 2025. "A Ladder-Type Carbon Trading-Based Low-Carbon Economic Dispatch Model for Integrated Energy Systems with Flexible Load and Hybrid Energy Storage Optimization," Energies, MDPI, vol. 18(14), pages 1-27, July.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:energy:v:329:y:2025:i:c:s0360544225023916. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/energy .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.