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Temperature sensitivity of residential energy demand on the global scale: A Bayesian Partial Pooling Model

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  • Hinrichsen, Peer Lasse
  • Rehdanz, Katrin
  • Tol, Richard S.J.

Abstract

This paper contributes to the limited literature on the temperature sensitivity of residential energy demand on a global scale. Using a Bayesian Partial Pooling model, we estimate country-specific intercepts and slopes, focusing on non-linear temperature response functions. The results, based on data for up to 126 countries spanning from 1978 to 2023, indicate a higher demand for residential electricity and natural gas at temperatures below -5°C and a higher demand for electricity at temperatures above 30°C. For temperatures above 23°C, the relationship between power demand and temperature steepens. Demand in developed countries is more sensitive to high temperatures than in less developed countries, possibly due to an inability to meet cooling demands in the latter.

Suggested Citation

  • Hinrichsen, Peer Lasse & Rehdanz, Katrin & Tol, Richard S.J., 2026. "Temperature sensitivity of residential energy demand on the global scale: A Bayesian Partial Pooling Model," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 159(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:eneeco:v:159:y:2026:i:c:s0140988326002173
    DOI: 10.1016/j.eneco.2026.109338
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    JEL classification:

    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • Q43 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy and the Macroeconomy
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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