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Individual and collective rationality in carpooling

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  • Kalczynski, Pawel
  • Lewandowski, Michał

Abstract

We define carpooling as a coalition game and present a socially optimal solution that minimizes the overall cost of commuting and is stable and fair. Instead of transferring costs between players, individual rationality is achieved by appropriate composition and assignment of drivers within carpools. We develop a three-step solution procedure, in which our final solution is based on the stable pre-nucleolus of the underlying game. The results of computational experiments show that our procedure guarantees substantial gains from carpooling. These gains increase with the number of commuters and are comparable to the gains achieved by centralized systems, which ignore stability and fairness.

Suggested Citation

  • Kalczynski, Pawel & Lewandowski, Michał, 2026. "Individual and collective rationality in carpooling," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 331(3), pages 823-836.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:331:y:2026:i:3:p:823-836
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2025.10.036
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