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Using diet optimization and machine learning for the design of healthy and acceptable menu plans

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  • van Wonderen, Dominique
  • Gerdessen, Johanna C.
  • Melse-Boonstra, Alida
  • Onwezen, Marleen C.

Abstract

The success of dietary plans relies on understanding and modelling consumer acceptance, yet quantifying this poses a challenge due to the complexity of individual preferences. Recent research is focused on deriving acceptability constraints directly from data, as demonstrated by its application in designing food baskets with a limited number of commodities. In this study, we applied diet optimization with machine learning to the more complex task of menu planning. This involved considering hundreds of potential food alternatives and assessing their compatibility within a meal using a recipe completion algorithm. Compared to the traditional diet modelling approach of food group filtering, the recipe completion model delivered diets with either higher nutritional adequacy or greater substitute acceptability, depending on the number of food groups used in the traditional method. While more research is needed to further improve the acceptability of substitutions, combining diet optimization with recipe completion presents a promising approach to enhance the nutritional adequacy of individual diets while maintaining the acceptability of food combinations within meals.

Suggested Citation

  • van Wonderen, Dominique & Gerdessen, Johanna C. & Melse-Boonstra, Alida & Onwezen, Marleen C., 2026. "Using diet optimization and machine learning for the design of healthy and acceptable menu plans," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 328(2), pages 668-679.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:328:y:2026:i:2:p:668-679
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2025.06.015
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ghobadi, Kimia & Mahmoudzadeh, Houra, 2021. "Inferring linear feasible regions using inverse optimization," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 290(3), pages 829-843.
    2. Bingli Clark Chai & Johannes Reidar van der Voort & Kristina Grofelnik & Helga Gudny Eliasdottir & Ines Klöss & Federico J. A. Perez-Cueto, 2019. "Which Diet Has the Least Environmental Impact on Our Planet? A Systematic Review of Vegan, Vegetarian and Omnivorous Diets," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(15), pages 1-18, July.
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