Dynamic temperature sensitivity improves simulated ecosystem respiration in a coupled land-atmosphere model

The temperature sensitivity (Q10) of ecosystem respiration (ER) is a key parameter for understanding the interaction between climate warming and ecosystem carbon cycling. However, Q10 is static in the land-atmosphere coupling model leading to some uncertainties in the simulated ER. Here, we provide the first application of dynamic Q10 parameterisation within the WRF/Noah-MP model (Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with the Noah land surface model with multiple-physics options) across China. The influence of static (Q10 = 1.5, 2.0) and dynamic Q10 parameterisations on ER simulations were evaluated using flux-tower data from forests, grasslands, and croplands. The dynamic Q10 approach significantly enhanced ER simulations (correlation coefficient up to 0.83; 27∼33 % CRMSE reduction). Our findings demonstrate that incorporating spatially and temporally variable Q10 improves carbon-climate feedback representation, particularly over the North China Plain. The ER of the North China Plain simulated by the dynamic Q10 significantly exceeds that evaluated by the static Q10, and the difference is greater than 800 g C m-2 yr-1. This study provides the first large-scale evaluation of dynamic Q10 parameterisation within the WRF/Noah-MP model, indicating its importance for regional carbon-cycle simulations. The future WRF/Noah-MP model needs to consider the impacts of extreme climate events and light inhibition effects on ecosystem respiration to improve the interaction between climate and carbon cycle.