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Inspiring the energy of computing power: How does the establishment of National supercomputing centers affect urban economic resilience?

Author

Listed:
  • Li, Baoqi
  • Yang, Chen
  • Zheng, Jie

Abstract

Computing infrastructure has become increasingly important in supporting modern economic systems with the development of the digital economy. However, its socioeconomic consequences remain underexplored. Exploiting the establishment of National Supercomputing Centers (NSCs) in China as a quasinatural experiment, this study examines the causal impact of computing infrastructure development on urban economic resilience (UER). We find that NSC construction significantly enhances UER. Mechanism analysis shows that this effect operates through facilitating frontier strategic technological breakthroughs, strengthening intercity collaborative innovation networks, and promoting digital-real integration. We further examine the role of data trading in this process. Heterogeneity analysis reveals that the effect of NSC is more pronounced in cities with stronger factor circulation capacity, deeper regional network embeddedness, and more advanced digital governance. Overall, our findings highlight the critical role of computing infrastructure in shaping UER and provide policy-relevant insights for strengthening cities’ dynamic resilience through infrastructure development.

Suggested Citation

  • Li, Baoqi & Yang, Chen & Zheng, Jie, 2026. "Inspiring the energy of computing power: How does the establishment of National supercomputing centers affect urban economic resilience?," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecmode:v:162:y:2026:i:c:s0264999326002014
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2026.107672
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • R11 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics - - - Regional Economic Activity: Growth, Development, Environmental Issues, and Changes
    • O33 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Technological Change: Choices and Consequences; Diffusion Processes
    • L96 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Telecommunications

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