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Cross-border data regulation and export quality: Evidence from China

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  • Liu, Yu
  • Yu, Huan

Abstract

Existing literature predominantly focuses on traditional trade barriers, with relatively limited exploration of new types of obstacles in the digital era. Based on data from Chinese customs and the OECD spanning from 2014 to 2021, this study examines the impact of host countries' cross-border data regulations on China's export quality. The findings reveal that (1) host countries' cross-border data regulations significantly suppress China's export quality; (2) moderating effects indicate that improvements in technological innovation and human capital levels can mitigate the inhibitory effect of cross-border data regulations on export product quality; and (3) heterogeneity analysis shows that this negative impact is more pronounced in China's exports to developed economies and economies with higher levels of digital economy development, with a particularly significant impact on high-tech industries.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Yu & Yu, Huan, 2026. "Cross-border data regulation and export quality: Evidence from China," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:ecmode:v:157:y:2026:i:c:s0264999326000222
    DOI: 10.1016/j.econmod.2026.107493
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