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Influence of nonlinearity and Doppler effect on group index in a four-level tripod atom system

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  • Bang, Nguyen Huy
  • Anh, Le Nguyen Mai
  • Nga, Luong Thi Yen
  • Van Phu, Nguyen
  • Dong, Hoang Minh
  • Van Ai, Nguyen
  • Van Doai, Le

Abstract

Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) materials are known for exhibiting giant nonlinearity even at extremely low light intensities, including the single-photon level. This strong nonlinearity significantly influences light propagation through such media. In this work, we develop a universal analytical model to investigate the combined effects of nonlinear dispersion and the Doppler effect on slow light propagation in a four-level tripod atom system. This configuration supports both single and double EIT regimes. Our model encompasses four distinct cases: (i) without third-order nonlinearity and without the Doppler effect, (ii) with third-order nonlinearity but without the Doppler effect, (iii) with the Doppler effect but without third-order nonlinearity, and (iv) with both third-order nonlinearity and the Doppler effect. This research is crucial for advancing practical applications and guiding experimental studies involving EIT-based slow light propagation.

Suggested Citation

  • Bang, Nguyen Huy & Anh, Le Nguyen Mai & Nga, Luong Thi Yen & Van Phu, Nguyen & Dong, Hoang Minh & Van Ai, Nguyen & Van Doai, Le, 2025. "Influence of nonlinearity and Doppler effect on group index in a four-level tripod atom system," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 199(P1).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:chsofr:v:199:y:2025:i:p1:s0960077925007428
    DOI: 10.1016/j.chaos.2025.116729
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. M. D. Eisaman & A. André & F. Massou & M. Fleischhauer & A. S. Zibrov & M. D. Lukin, 2005. "Electromagnetically induced transparency with tunable single-photon pulses," Nature, Nature, vol. 438(7069), pages 837-841, December.
    2. Lene Vestergaard Hau & S. E. Harris & Zachary Dutton & Cyrus H. Behroozi, 1999. "Light speed reduction to 17 metres per second in an ultracold atomic gas," Nature, Nature, vol. 397(6720), pages 594-598, February.
    3. Dong, Hoang Minh & Hien, Nguyen Thi Thu & Bang, Nguyen Huy & Van Doai, Le, 2024. "Dynamics of twin pulse propagation and dual-optical switching in a Λ + Ξ atomic medium," Chaos, Solitons & Fractals, Elsevier, vol. 178(C).
    4. Or Katz & Ofer Firstenberg, 2018. "Light storage for one second in room-temperature alkali vapor," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 9(1), pages 1-6, December.
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