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Modelling a hybrid solar-pumped storage system using pump-as-turbine in parallel and variable speed operation

Author

Listed:
  • Andrade Furtado, Gilton Carlos de
  • Souza, Davi Edson Sales e
  • Amarante Mesquita, André L.
  • Hendrick, Patrick

Abstract

An improved design of a hybrid solar system with pumped storage using pump-as-turbines is proposed through an innovative approach that introduces the pumped storage factor as a design criterion, while also utilizing the grid as an energy storage medium in a case study. This design aims to meet the operational demands of the transposition system known as the Tucuruí Locks and to operate the hydraulic system efficiently. The originality of the solution lies in the design of solar-pumped storage hybrid systems, in which a design factor is proposed to minimize energy costs. A design methodology is proposed to determine the best value of the pumped storage factor (β) alongside the lowest Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE). This factor represents the percentage of energy that can be stored by pumping, maintaining the balance of energy to meet the demand. The analysis incorporates performance curves in both direct and reverse modes, as well as energy purchase and sale costs and tariffs. Different numbers of pump/PaTs are evaluated. A combination of Yang's and Rossi's methods is employed to construct complete performance curves and assess technical feasibility, with validation using experimental data from the literature, providing a comprehensive analysis of the PaTs operating region. The methodology is applied and validated through a case study in Brazil. The results demonstrate that the best factor, β=34%, yields the lowest LCOE of 0.1133 $/kWh with a single PaT, using 11,520 m3 of water for operation, achieving a payback time of up to 2.6 years, and delivering superior performance compared to other projects of the same nature. This approach, therefore, presents an innovative solution to the energy storage challenge, offering crucial insights for researchers and decision-makers on a novel method for designing hybrid energy storage systems. Additionally, the methodology allows for extended application in other scenarios, with or without grid storage.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrade Furtado, Gilton Carlos de & Souza, Davi Edson Sales e & Amarante Mesquita, André L. & Hendrick, Patrick, 2026. "Modelling a hybrid solar-pumped storage system using pump-as-turbine in parallel and variable speed operation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 417(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:417:y:2026:i:c:s030626192600663x
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.128011
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