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Sustainable recycling of Lithium-ion batteries: A perspective on emerging technologies toward entire cell regeneration

Author

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  • Qureshi, Khizar
  • Haider, Rizwan
  • Zhang, Chenrui
  • Li, Linsen
  • Yu, Xuebin
  • Yuan, Xianxia

Abstract

Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have experienced substantial growth across various industries over the past few decades, leading to a rise in battery waste which is now a global concern. Demand for recycling of LIBs is surging with the worldwide adoption of technologies that offer a green and sustainable future, and numerous techniques have been developed at both industrial and laboratory scales to recycle spent LIBs yielding notable results. This perspective focuses on the evolution of LIBs recycling, discussing various methods from conventional approaches to the latest emerging techniques that aim to reduce the pretreatment steps, processing time, overall costs, and highlighting the potential to drive a sustainable future. In particular, it explores the promise of non-destructive rejuvenation strategies, which aim to restore battery performance without dismantling, offering a new direction for sustainable and circular battery use. Provided the capabilities are fully realized through the alignment of technological advances, industry collaboration, and supportive policy frameworks, non-invasive rejuvenation methods hold strong potential to shape the future of battery recycling.

Suggested Citation

  • Qureshi, Khizar & Haider, Rizwan & Zhang, Chenrui & Li, Linsen & Yu, Xuebin & Yuan, Xianxia, 2026. "Sustainable recycling of Lithium-ion batteries: A perspective on emerging technologies toward entire cell regeneration," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 412(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:412:y:2026:i:c:s0306261926003946
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2026.127742
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