Wide-temperature Lithium-ion batteries: Material innovations and design strategies for overcoming electrochemical challenges in extreme environments

In recent years, lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have garnered extensive attention and are recognized as a mature electrochemical energy storage (EES) system. However, their stability and efficiency are primarily confined to room-temperature conditions, with performance significantly deteriorating at temperatures below 0 °C or above 60 °C. While extensive research has been conducted on LIBs under specific temperature ranges, a systematic and integrative review addressing the comprehensive electrochemical challenges and material innovations across an ultra-wide temperature spectrum remains lacking. This gap hinders the development of reliable energy storage solutions for critical applications such as electric vehicles in extreme climates, renewable energy grids, and deep-space exploration. This review systematically examines the advancements in wide-temperature LIBs, analyzing the impact of temperature on key performance-related parameters, including reaction kinetics and charge transfer resistance. It highlights the challenges LIBs face in extreme thermal conditions while exploring recent progress in material innovation and design strategies aimed at enhancing battery performance across varying temperature ranges. The findings from these studies offer valuable insights to propel the advancement of LIB technology, addressing the demands of harsh and dynamic climatic conditions