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Development and experimental validation of a PCT hysteresis model for level-of-hydrogen estimation in metal hydride hydrogen storage tanks

Author

Listed:
  • Hou, Zhipeng
  • Chen, Fengxiang
  • Guo, Yafeng
  • Ye, Huan
  • Zhang, Huitao
  • Jiao, Jieran

Abstract

Accurate estimation of the level of hydrogen (LOH) in metal hydride (MH) hydrogen storage tanks is critical for hydrogen storage system (HSS) applications. However, this remains challenging due to the flatness and hysteresis of tank pressure relative to LOH. To address this, a pressure–composition–temperature (PCT) model within the hysteresis band is initially proposed and then integrated with a temperature model and a kinetic model to comprehensively construct an overall model for MH tanks. Based on this model, the unscented Kalman filter (UKF) is employed to estimate LOH using real-time sensor data. The proposed method is experimentally validated under various operating conditions in a real HSS application. Experimental results show that the method maintains a maximum estimation error within ±9 %, indicating a highly accurate estimation. This method enables precise LOH estimation for MH hydrogen storage tanks, providing critical support for the design of control and energy management strategies in HSS systems.

Suggested Citation

  • Hou, Zhipeng & Chen, Fengxiang & Guo, Yafeng & Ye, Huan & Zhang, Huitao & Jiao, Jieran, 2025. "Development and experimental validation of a PCT hysteresis model for level-of-hydrogen estimation in metal hydride hydrogen storage tanks," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 402(PA).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:402:y:2025:i:pa:s0306261925016228
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.126892
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