IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/appene/v383y2025ics0306261925000200.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Punctual V2G scheduling circle: Evaluate and enhance transfer V2G capability through adaptive redistribution

Author

Listed:
  • Liu, Ke
  • Liu, Yanli
  • Si, Gang
  • Lu, Xin
  • Xie, Yan

Abstract

Growing electric vehicles (EVs) bring substantial vehicle-to-grid (V2G) potential. However, V2G sites and their connected grid nodes are stationary, but EV distributions are random. Therefore, in addition to the local V2G capability at the V2G sites, the punctual transfer V2G capability within the limited transfer duration is also a concern during grid V2G scheduling. To this end, this paper proposes an adaptive redistribution-based (AV2GR) method to evaluate and enhance required sites' punctual transfer V2G capabilities, thereby constructing corresponding punctual V2G scheduling and enhanced circles. Firstly, a transfer V2G redistribution (TV2GR) model is presented to evaluate the quantities and locations of punctual transfer EVs within scheduling circles under both base and transfer traffic states caused by routine vehicles and transfer EVs. Subsequently, an adaptive enhancement (ADE) algorithm is proposed to address time delays and capability reductions caused by transfer congestion, thus maximizing punctual transfer capabilities within enhanced circles. In particular, the base traffic matching (BTM) model effectively matches all transfer origins within the area to multiple scheduling destinations under variable traffic conditions. The transfer congestion index (TCI) adaptively reduces schedulable but late transfer EVs based on their contributions or sensitivities to transfer congestion. Finally, quantitative metrics considering actual V2G capability, scheduling timeliness, and potential exploitation level are constructed for comprehensive effectiveness analysis. Test results on a realistic traffic network show that the proposed AV2GR method with punctual V2G scheduling circles can maximize actual punctual transfer V2G capability while ensuring punctuality and fully exploiting the energy storage potential of idle EVs. Notably, with computation times not exceeding 1 min, the proposed ADE algorithm further enhances total actual transfer capability by up to over 25 % and increases the average potential exploitation level by over 12 %.

Suggested Citation

  • Liu, Ke & Liu, Yanli & Si, Gang & Lu, Xin & Xie, Yan, 2025. "Punctual V2G scheduling circle: Evaluate and enhance transfer V2G capability through adaptive redistribution," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 383(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:383:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925000200
    DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125290
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306261925000200
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.apenergy.2025.125290?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Xu, Jie & Huang, Yuping, 2022. "The short-term optimal resource allocation approach for electric vehicles and V2G service stations," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 319(C).
    2. Irfan, Muhammad & Deilami, Sara & Huang, Shujuan & Tahir, Tayyab & Veettil, Binesh Puthen, 2024. "Optimizing load frequency control in microgrid with vehicle-to-grid integration in Australia: Based on an enhanced control approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 366(C).
    3. Liu, Ke & Liu, Yanli, 2024. "Incentive-willingness-decision framework: Unit discharge triangle-based maximum stable V2G capability evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 374(C).
    4. Hipolito, F. & Vandet, C.A. & Rich, J., 2022. "Charging, steady-state SoC and energy storage distributions for EV fleets," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 317(C).
    5. Li, Zepeng & Wu, Qiuwei & Li, Hui & Nie, Chengkai & Tan, Jin, 2024. "Distributed low-carbon economic dispatch of integrated power and transportation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PA).
    6. Wu, Chuantao & Chen, Cen & Ma, Yuncong & Li, Feiyu & Sui, Quan & Lin, Xiangning & Wei, Fanrong & Li, Zhengtian, 2022. "Enhancing resilient restoration of distribution systems utilizing electric vehicles and supporting incentive mechanism," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 322(C).
    7. Englberger, Stefan & Abo Gamra, Kareem & Tepe, Benedikt & Schreiber, Michael & Jossen, Andreas & Hesse, Holger, 2021. "Electric vehicle multi-use: Optimizing multiple value streams using mobile storage systems in a vehicle-to-grid context," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 304(C).
    8. Liu, Ke & Liu, Yanli, 2023. "Stochastic user equilibrium based spatial-temporal distribution prediction of electric vehicle charging load," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 339(C).
    9. Sun, Shaohua & Li, Gengfeng & Yang, Qiming & Bie, Zhaohong, 2024. "Co-optimize recovery modeling for transportation and power network with multi-type mobile resources dispatching," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 366(C).
    10. Yu, Hang & Niu, Songyan & Shang, Yitong & Shao, Ziyun & Jia, Youwei & Jian, Linni, 2022. "Electric vehicles integration and vehicle-to-grid operation in active distribution grids: A comprehensive review on power architectures, grid connection standards and typical applications," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 168(C).
    11. Sridharan, S. & Sivakumar, S. & Shanmugasundaram, N. & Swapna, S. & Vasan Prabhu, V., 2023. "A hybrid approach based energy management for building resilience against power outage by shared parking station for EVs," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 216(C).
    12. Islam, Shirazul & Iqbal, Atif & Marzband, Mousa & Khan, Irfan & Al-Wahedi, Abdullah M.A.B., 2022. "State-of-the-art vehicle-to-everything mode of operation of electric vehicles and its future perspectives," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 166(C).
    13. Nagel, Niels Oliver & Jåstad, Eirik Ogner & Martinsen, Thomas, 2024. "The grid benefits of vehicle-to-grid in Norway and Denmark: An analysis of home- and public parking potentials," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 293(C).
    14. Tan, Bifei & Lin, Zhenjia & Zheng, Xiaodong & Xiao, Fu & Wu, Qiuwei & Yan, Jinyue, 2023. "Distributionally robust energy management for multi-microgrids with grid-interactive EVs considering the multi-period coupling effect of user behaviors," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 350(C).
    15. Yu, Qing & Wang, Zhen & Song, Yancun & Shen, Xinwei & Zhang, Haoran, 2024. "Potential and flexibility analysis of electric taxi fleets V2G system based on trajectory data and agent-based modeling," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 355(C).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Liu, Ke & Liu, Yanli, 2024. "Incentive-willingness-decision framework: Unit discharge triangle-based maximum stable V2G capability evaluation," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 374(C).
    2. Lee, Wonjong & Woo, JongRoul & Kim, Yong-gun & Koo, Yoonmo, 2024. "Vehicle-to-grid as a competitive alternative to energy storage in a renewable-dominant power system: An integrated approach considering both electric vehicle drivers' willingness and effectiveness," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 310(C).
    3. Lehtola, Timo, 2025. "Vehicle-to-grid applications and battery cycle aging: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 208(C).
    4. Tingke Fang & Annette von Jouanne & Emmanuel Agamloh & Alex Yokochi, 2024. "Opportunities and Challenges of Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) Integration," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-20, November.
    5. Wen, Jianfeng & Gan, Wei & Chu, Chia-Chi & Wang, Jingbo & Jiang, Lin, 2024. "Cooperative V2G-enabled vehicle-to-vehicle sharing in energy and reserve markets: A coalitional approach," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 376(PB).
    6. Pegah Alaee & Julius Bems & Amjad Anvari-Moghaddam, 2023. "A Review of the Latest Trends in Technical and Economic Aspects of EV Charging Management," Energies, MDPI, vol. 16(9), pages 1-28, April.
    7. Zhang, Chengquan & Kitamura, Hiroshi & Goto, Mika, 2024. "Feasibility of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) implementation in Japan: A regional analysis of the electricity supply and demand adjustment market," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 311(C).
    8. Boyu Xiang & Zhengyang Zhou & Shukun Gao & Guoping Lei & Zefu Tan, 2024. "A Planning Method for Charging Station Based on Long-Term Charging Load Forecasting of Electric Vehicles," Energies, MDPI, vol. 17(24), pages 1-20, December.
    9. Sumitkumar, Rathor & Al-Sumaiti, Ameena Saad, 2024. "Shared autonomous electric vehicle: Towards social economy of energy and mobility from power-transportation nexus perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 197(C).
    10. Shi, Shaobo & Ji, Yuehui & Zhu, Lewei & Liu, Junjie & Gao, Xiang & Chen, Hao & Gao, Qiang, 2025. "Interactive optimization of electric vehicles and park integrated energy system driven by low carbon: An incentive mechanism based on Stackelberg game," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 318(C).
    11. Duan, Sudong & Zhang, Zhonghui & Wang, Zhaojun & Xiong, Xiaoyue & Chen, Xinhan & Que, Xiaoyu, 2025. "A study on mobile charging station combined with integrated energy system: Emphasis on energy dispatch strategy and multi-scenario analysis," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 239(C).
    12. Li, Zepeng & Wu, Qiuwei & Li, Hui & Nie, Chengkai & Tan, Jin, 2024. "Distributed low-carbon economic dispatch of integrated power and transportation system," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 353(PA).
    13. Chen, Yuanyi & Hu, Simon & Zheng, Yanchong & Xie, Shiwei & Hu, Qinru & Yang, Qiang, 2024. "Coordinated expansion planning of coupled power and transportation networks considering dynamic network equilibrium," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 360(C).
    14. Müller, Mathias & Blume, Yannic & Reinhard, Janis, 2022. "Impact of behind-the-meter optimised bidirectional electric vehicles on the distribution grid load," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 255(C).
    15. Zhang, Ziqi & Li, Peng & Ji, Haoran & Zhao, Jinli & Xi, Wei & Wu, Jianzhong & Wang, Chengshan, 2024. "Combined central-local voltage control of inverter-based DG in active distribution networks11The short version of the paper was presented at CUE2023. This paper is a substantial extension of the short," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 372(C).
    16. Syed Taha Taqvi & Ali Almansoori & Azadeh Maroufmashat & Ali Elkamel, 2022. "Utilizing Rooftop Renewable Energy Potential for Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure Using Multi-Energy Hub Approach," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(24), pages 1-21, December.
    17. Gull, Muhammad Shuzub & Khalid, Muhammad & Arshad, Naveed, 2024. "Multi-objective optimization of battery swapping station to power up mobile and stationary loads," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 374(C).
    18. Fabian Rücker & Ilka Schoeneberger & Till Wilmschen & Ahmed Chahbaz & Philipp Dechent & Felix Hildenbrand & Elias Barbers & Matthias Kuipers & Jan Figgener & Dirk Uwe Sauer, 2022. "A Comprehensive Electric Vehicle Model for Vehicle-to-Grid Strategy Development," Energies, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-31, June.
    19. Zhang, Zhe & Yu, Qing & Gao, Kun & He, Hong-Di & Liu, Yang & Huang, Haichao, 2025. "Carbon emission reduction benefits of ride-hailing vehicle electrification considering energy structure," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 377(PA).
    20. Wang, Pei & Guo, Jiang & Cheng, Fangjuan & Gu, Yifeng & Yuan, Fang & Zhang, Fangqing, 2025. "A MPC-based load frequency control considering wind power intelligent forecasting," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 244(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:appene:v:383:y:2025:i:c:s0306261925000200. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/405891/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.