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The cocoa bioeconomy in the eastern Amazon: An integrated analysis of production, environmental degradation perceptions and socioeconomic factors among farmers

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  • da Paixão Alves, Vanessa
  • Martin, Débora Gonzaga
  • Giannini, Tereza Cristina
  • Junior, Renato Silva
  • Guimarães, José Tasso Felix
  • Moia, Gabriel Costa Maciel
  • de Nazaré Paes da Silva, Rosa

Abstract

The sustainability of cocoa production in the Eastern Amazon is increasingly challenged by trade-offs between productivity and environmental conservation. Agroforestry systems (AFS) are often promoted as alternatives to monocultures, yet empirical evidence concerning their long-term performance remains limited.

Suggested Citation

  • da Paixão Alves, Vanessa & Martin, Débora Gonzaga & Giannini, Tereza Cristina & Junior, Renato Silva & Guimarães, José Tasso Felix & Moia, Gabriel Costa Maciel & de Nazaré Paes da Silva, Rosa, 2025. "The cocoa bioeconomy in the eastern Amazon: An integrated analysis of production, environmental degradation perceptions and socioeconomic factors among farmers," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 229(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:agisys:v:229:y:2025:i:c:s0308521x25001684
    DOI: 10.1016/j.agsy.2025.104428
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