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Internationaler Seeverkehr und Klimaschutz

Author

Listed:
  • Margareta E. Kulessa
  • Matthias Oschinski
  • Stefan Seum

Abstract

Ocean shipping causes about 3.3 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions. As global sea freight transport is expected to grow markedly in the long term, a corresponding increase in Greenhouse gas emissions is likely. Despite many years of multilateral negotiations no agreement has been achieved on binding regulations. Therefore, similar to international aviation, there is a high probability for a unilateral approach by the EU. A possible solution is to include maritime shipping into the EU Emissions Trading Scheme. To follow through with this, though, some important points such as the scope of integration, the coverage of the system, the allocation method and the setting of the cap need clarification. In principle, such an approach could cover more than 30 Prozent of maritime CO2 emissions. On the other hand, a badly embellished system runs the risk of continuously missing the emission target and might harm the competitiveness of the European maritime sector. Hence, further research and discussions are required before such a system can come into effect. Der Seeverkehr verursacht etwa 3,3 Prozent der globalen Treibhausgasemissionen. Da langfristig mit einem deutlichen Wachstum des globalen Seefrachttransports zu rechnen ist, ist auch ein Anstieg der Treibhausgasemissionen in diesem Sektor wahrscheinlich. Trotz langjähriger multilateraler Verhandlungen unterliegt der internationale Seeverkehr bislang keinen verbindlichen Begrenzungen, sodass die Wahrscheinlichkeit hoch ist, dass die EU ebenso wie bereits beim internationalen Luftverkehr unilaterale Schritte unternehmen wird. Hier ist eine Einbindung der Seeschifffahrt in das Europäische Emissionshandelssystem in der Diskussion. Dies wirft Fragen nach dem Grad der Integration und der Reichweite des Regimes, einer geeigneten Bemessungsgrundlage, einer angemessenen Emissionsobergrenze sowie dem Allokationsverfahren auf. Grundsätzlich könnten mittels einer Integration in den Europäischen Emissionshandel über 30 Prozent der seeverkehrsbedingten CO2-Emissionen abgedeckt werden. Ein schlecht ausgestaltetes System birgt jedoch die Gefahr, dass Emissionsziele beständig verfehlt werden und dass die europäische Seeschifffahrt Wettbewerbsnachteile erleidet. Vor einem Inkrafttreten besteht somit weiterer Forschungs- und Diskussionsbedarf.

Suggested Citation

  • Margareta E. Kulessa & Matthias Oschinski & Stefan Seum, 2010. "Internationaler Seeverkehr und Klimaschutz," Vierteljahrshefte zur Wirtschaftsforschung / Quarterly Journal of Economic Research, DIW Berlin, German Institute for Economic Research, vol. 79(2), pages 179-193.
  • Handle: RePEc:diw:diwvjh:79-2-11
    DOI: 10.3790/vjh.79.2.179
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Marine emissions trading scheme; market-based instrument; seaborne greenhouse gas emissions;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F18 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade and Environment
    • Q50 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - General
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming

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