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Evolution of the use of artificial intelligence in medicine: empirical bibliometric study

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  • de Carvalho Gico, Cristiane
  • Castillo-González, William

Abstract

This study analyzes the evolution of scientific production on artificial intelligence applied to medicine between 2015 and 2025 using a bibliometric approach. A total of 7,040 publications indexed in Scopus were reviewed, including articles, reviews, and conference proceedings. The results show sustained growth in research, with a notable increase from 2020 onwards and a peak in 2025. Production is concentrated in countries with established research systems, led by the United States, India, the United Kingdom, and China, while Latin America contributes 3.66% of the total, with Brazil as the main regional contributor. Co-occurrence analysis identified six thematic clusters representing the main areas of development: clinical integration of AI, decision support, outcome prediction, personalized medicine, and advanced applications in specialties such as cardiology. The conclusion is that AI is transforming medical practice, although challenges remain in ethical regulation, data representativeness, and professional adoption.

Suggested Citation

  • de Carvalho Gico, Cristiane & Castillo-González, William, 2025. "Evolution of the use of artificial intelligence in medicine: empirical bibliometric study," SAP Social AI, South American Publishing.
    • Handle: RePEc:cwf:saiart:sai202535
    DOI: 10.62486/sai202535
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