The application of ICT in education: advances, challenges, and future perspectives

This article examines the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in education, particularly during the COVID-19 pandemic. Drawing from studies conducted between 2015 and 2023, it explores the benefits, challenges, and recommendations for integrating ICT into teaching. The pandemic accelerated ICT adoption, enabling educational continuity during crises, but it also highlighted disparities in infrastructure, such as limited internet access in rural areas, and in digital competencies, especially among teachers who were not fully prepared to use these tools. This led to inequalities in equitable ICT access, affecting various student populations. The study emphasizes the need for ongoing teacher training to maximize ICT use and notes that implementation varies according to resources and context. In countries with limited infrastructure, ICT integration has been slower compared to better-equipped regions. The article concludes that for ICT to have a positive impact, a strategic approach is essential to reduce inequalities, enhance teachers' digital skills, and use technology to enrich education. With supportive policies and equitable resource distribution, ICT can contribute to a more inclusive educational system, aligned with the demands of the 21st century.