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The case for multiple UESDs and an application to migrant deaths in the Mediterranean Sea

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  • Frese, Joris

Abstract

Many recent applications of the “Unexpected Event during Survey Design” (UESD) analyze single cases of frequently occurring events. In this research note, I question the generalizability of research findings obtained this way and demonstrate the empirical benefits of the “Multiple Unexpected Events during Survey Design” (MUESD). I conduct 15 large-scale replications (total N = 101,940) of a new UESD analyzing the effects of Mediterranean shipwrecks on immigration attitudes. Previous research suggests that such events drastically reduce anti-immigration attitudes among the European public, presumably through an empathy-based mechanism. However, after 15 of the most lethal shipwrecks since 2013, anti-immigration attitudes were reduced in only one case of exceptionally high salience and to a much lesser degree than originally found.

Suggested Citation

  • Frese, Joris, 2026. "The case for multiple UESDs and an application to migrant deaths in the Mediterranean Sea," Political Science Research and Methods, Cambridge University Press, vol. 14(2), pages 542-550, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:pscirm:v:14:y:2026:i:2:p:542-550_17
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