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Loan Commitments and the Debt Overhang Problem

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  • Snyder, Christopher M.

Abstract

The debt overhang problem is shown to arise in the context of an entrepreneurial project that requires a sequence of investments financed by an outside lender. The entrepreneur, not internalizing losses accruing to the lender which financed the initial investments, may inefficiently cancel the project and instead pursue an outside opportunity. It is shown that loan commitments (contracts that allow the entrepreneur to borrow a variable amount at a set interest rate in return for a fixed fee) are the optimal financial contracts in this setting, strictly dominating standard debt. The existence of the fixed fee allows loan commitments to set a relatively low interest rate, improving the entrepreneur's incentives to continue the project. The paper specifies the optimal contract fully, derives robust comparative statics properties (using an extension of Milgrom and Roberts (1994)), and extends the results to more realistic settings (e.g., allowing the market risk-free rate to be stochastic).

Suggested Citation

  • Snyder, Christopher M., 1998. "Loan Commitments and the Debt Overhang Problem," Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 33(1), pages 87-116, March.
  • Handle: RePEc:cup:jfinqa:v:33:y:1998:i:01:p:87-116_02
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    Cited by:

    1. Tsuji, Kenji, 2007. "The soft budget constraint, the debt overhang and the optimal degree of credit centralization," Japan and the World Economy, Elsevier, vol. 19(2), pages 187-197, March.
    2. Agatha Nkem Amadi & Isaac Azubuike Ogbuji & Hope Agbonrofo, 2020. "The Maturity and Repayment Structure of Sovereign Debt: Implications for Development Agenda in Nigeria," Academic Journal of Economic Studies, Faculty of Finance, Banking and Accountancy Bucharest,"Dimitrie Cantemir" Christian University Bucharest, vol. 6(1), pages 115-120, March.
    3. Christophe Chamley & CĂ©line Rochon, 2011. "From Search to Match: When Loan Contracts Are Too Long," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 43(s2), pages 385-411, October.
    4. Flores Prieto, Pedro & Fullerton, Thomas M., Jr. & Andrade Olivas, Cesar, 2007. "Evidencia empirica sobre deuda externa, inversion, y crecimiento en Mexico, 1980-2003 [Empirical evidence on foreign debt, investment, and growth in Mexico, 1980-2003]," MPRA Paper 9497, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised Apr 2007.

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