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Civil War as State-Making: Strategic Governance in Civil War

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  • Stewart, Megan A.

Abstract

Why do some rebel groups provide governance inclusively while most others do not? Some insurgencies divert critical financial and personnel resources to provide benefits to anyone, including nonsupporters (Karen National Union, Eritrean People's Liberation Front). Other groups offer no services or limit their service provision to only those people who support, or are likely to support, the insurgency. The existing literature examines how insurgencies incentivize recruitment by offering selective social services, yet no research addresses why insurgencies provide goods inclusively. I argue that inclusive provision of services legitimates insurgents’ claim of sovereignty to domestic and international audiences, and thus is a strategic tool secessionist rebels use to achieve their long-term goal of independence. With new and original data, I use a large-N analysis to test this hypothesis. The results of the analysis support the hypothesis, underscoring the importance insurgent nonviolent behavior and addressing key issues such as sovereignty and governance.

Suggested Citation

  • Stewart, Megan A., 2018. "Civil War as State-Making: Strategic Governance in Civil War," International Organization, Cambridge University Press, vol. 72(1), pages 205-226, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:cup:intorg:v:72:y:2018:i:01:p:205-226_00
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    Cited by:

    1. Sebastian van Baalen, 2021. "Local elites, civil resistance, and the responsiveness of rebel governance in Côte d’Ivoire," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(5), pages 930-944, September.
    2. Megan A Stewart, 2020. "Rebel governance: military boon or military bust? (Isard Award Article)," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 37(1), pages 16-38, January.
    3. Wim Naudé & Lelys Ernesto Amorós & Tilman Brück, 2023. "State-Based Conflict and Entrepreneurship – Empirical Evidence," HiCN Working Papers 384, Households in Conflict Network.
    4. Charles Butcher & Jessica Maves Braithwaite & Jonathan Pinckney & Eirin Haugseth & Ingrid Vik Bakken & Marius Swane Wishman, 2022. "Introducing the Anatomy of Resistance Campaigns (ARC) dataset," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 59(3), pages 449-460, May.
    5. Kristin M. Bakke & Kit Rickard, 2023. "'Ten pound touts': post-conflict trust and the legacy of counterinsurgency in Northern Ireland," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2023-18, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    6. Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham & Reyko Huang & Katherine M. Sawyer, 2021. "Voting for Militants: Rebel Elections in Civil War," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 65(1), pages 81-107, January.
    7. Kreif, Noémi & Mirelman, Andrew & Suhrcke, Marc & Buitrago, Giancarlo & Moreno-Serra, Rodrigo, 2022. "The impact of civil conflict on child health: Evidence from Colombia," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 44(C).
    8. Luwei Ying, 2021. "How State Presence Leads to Civil Conflict," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 65(2-3), pages 506-533, February.
    9. Sarah Zukerman Daly, 2021. "Political life after civil wars: Introducing the Civil War Successor Party dataset," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(4), pages 839-848, July.
    10. Nicole Stoelinga, 2024. "Education during conflict: The effect of territorial control by insurgents on schooling," Discussion Paper Series of the Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods 2024_03, Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods.
    11. Michael A. Rubin, 2020. "Rebel Territorial Control and Civilian Collective Action in Civil War: Evidence from the Communist Insurgency in the Philippines," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 64(2-3), pages 459-489, February.
    12. Zachariah Mampilly & Megan A. Stewart, 2021. "A Typology of Rebel Political Institutional Arrangements," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 65(1), pages 15-45, January.
    13. Jori Breslawski, 2021. "The Social Terrain of Rebel Held Territory," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 65(2-3), pages 453-479, February.
    14. Justin Conrad & Liana Eustacia Reyes & Megan A. Stewart, 2022. "Revisiting Opportunism in Civil Conflict: Natural Resource Extraction and Health Care Provision," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 66(1), pages 91-114, January.
    15. Patricia Justino & Wolfgang Stojetz, 2019. "Civic legacies of wartime governance," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2019-104, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    16. Kathleen Gallagher Cunningham & Cyanne E. Loyle, 2021. "Introduction to the Special Feature on Dynamic Processes of Rebel Governance," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 65(1), pages 3-14, January.
    17. Reyko Huang & Patricia L Sullivan, 2021. "Arms for education? External support and rebel social services," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(4), pages 794-808, July.
    18. Mara Redlich Revkin, 2021. "Competitive Governance and Displacement Decisions Under Rebel Rule: Evidence from the Islamic State in Iraq," Journal of Conflict Resolution, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 65(1), pages 46-80, January.
    19. Jori Breslawski & Colin Tucker, 2022. "Ideological motives and taxation by armed groups," Conflict Management and Peace Science, Peace Science Society (International), vol. 39(3), pages 333-350, May.
    20. Therese Anders, 2020. "Territorial control in civil wars: Theory and measurement using machine learning," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 57(6), pages 701-714, November.
    21. Philip A Martin, 2021. "Commander–community ties after civil war," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(4), pages 778-793, July.
    22. Antonella Bandiera & Lelys Dinarte-Diaz & Juan Miguel Jimenez & Sandra V. Rozo & Maria Micaela Sviatschi, 2023. "Rebel Governance and Development: The Persistent Effects of Distrust in El Salvador," HiCN Working Papers 383, Households in Conflict Network.
    23. Christiana Parreira, 2021. "Power politics: Armed non-state actors and the capture of public electricity in post-invasion Baghdad," Journal of Peace Research, Peace Research Institute Oslo, vol. 58(4), pages 749-762, July.

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