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“以學為中心”在課堂教學中的表層化實踐困境

Author

Listed:
  • 王怡萱

    (寧波大學,浙江 寧波,315211)

Abstract

“以學為中心”是近年課堂教學改革中被反復強調的理念,已在不同學段的課堂教學中得到較多使用。圍繞這一理念,課程標準、教學檔和課堂改進實踐普遍提出,要減少以教師講授為主的課堂安排,提高學生在學習過程中的參與程度和主動表現。在這樣的教學要求下,許多課堂在組織方式和實施方式上出現了明顯變化,學生參與的環節不斷增多,討論、合作、展示等學習活動更加常見,課堂整體形態呈現出較明顯的“學生參與”特徵。 但從課堂實際運行情況看,這些變化並不必然帶來學習品質的提升。在一些課堂中,“以學為中心”更多表現為教學流程和活動形式的變化,課堂看起來更加熱鬧,學生參與更為頻繁,但學生是否真正理解學習內容、是否形成穩定認識並不清楚。一些課堂逐漸以可見的活動替代真實的學習過程,課堂變化集中在形式層面,理念落實停留在表面,學習結果卻難以得到清楚判斷。 基於課堂教學的真實狀態,本文從具體教學實踐出發,對“以學為中心”在課堂中出現的表層化實踐進行系統梳理和分析。文章重點關注幾個問題,如學生參與被直接當作學習發生,教學形式不斷向“學生化”靠近而學習目標逐漸弱化,教師減少講解後卻未能提供必要的學習引導和支援。圍繞這些現象,文章從理念理解方式、教師專業判斷能力、課堂教學評價取向等方面,對表層化實踐形成的原因進行分析。文章強調,“以學為中心”的落實需要回到學習本身,將課堂關注點從活動形式轉向學生理解的變化,通過改進教學設計和學習引導方式,調整課堂評價取向,推動課堂教學由形式變化轉向學習變化,為該理念在課堂中的深入實踐提供具有現實意義的反思和參考。

Suggested Citation

  • 王怡萱, 2025. "“以學為中心”在課堂教學中的表層化實踐困境," East Asian Educational Studies, Brilliance Publishing Ltd., vol. 1(2), pages 24-33, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:ctz:eaedus:v:1:y:2025:i:2:p:24-33
    DOI: 10.53104/dyjyyj.2025.01.02.003
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