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La administración del riesgo cambiario en ambientes de contingencia de las empresas importadoras y exportadoras de Oaxaca y Ciudad de México

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  • Araceli Hernández-Jiménez

Abstract

Las empresas importadoras y exportadoras, en comparación con las que no comercializan al exterior, tienen un riesgo adicional caracterizado por la volatilidad cambiaria. En esta investigación, se analizan las características que distinguen a la administración de las empresas con operaciones internacionales de la ciudad de México y Oaxaca, con altos rendimientos ante el riesgo cambiario 2014-2016 en ambientes contingentes, versus las empresas con bajos rendimientos, donde según la teoría de la contingencia las empresas usan diferentes mecanismos para adaptarse a los cambios del medio ambiente. Se usó una regresión logística (RL) para clasificar a las empresas con rendimientos superiores al 20 %, en función a sus características en la administración. Para caracterizar la administración se utilizaron 23 variables explicativas que abarcaron aspectos del administrador y los esquemas de cobertura empleados. Los resultados obtenidos encontraron que solo cuatro de las 23 variables fueron estadísticamente significativas para que las companías lograran altos márgenes de rentabilidad, sobresaliendo la utilización de instrumentos financieros derivados como un factor determinante. ****** Compared to companies that do not market products abroad, import export businesses face an additional risk: foreign exchange volatility. This work analyzes the features that distinguish the management strategies of highly profitable companies that conduct international businesses in Oaxaca and Mexico City in contingency environments—the 2014-2016 foreign exchange risk—from low-profit ones. According to the contingency theory, the former use different mechanisms to adapt to changes in the environment. Logistic Regression (LR) was used to classify companies with profits above 20 % based on their management features. To characterize the management style, 23 explanatory variables were employed; they dealt with aspects related to the administrator and the cover schemes. The results revealed that only 4, out of those 23, were statistically significant for companies to achieve high profit margins and the use of derivative instruments stood out as a decisive factor.

Suggested Citation

  • Araceli Hernández-Jiménez, 2018. "La administración del riesgo cambiario en ambientes de contingencia de las empresas importadoras y exportadoras de Oaxaca y Ciudad de México," Revista CEA, Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano, vol. 4(7), pages 13-28, May.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000549:017854
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