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El costo económico de los desastres naturales: el caso del tsunami y la emergencia nuclear en Japón en 2011

Author

Listed:
  • Barrientos Marin, Jorge
  • Ospina Valencia, Sebastian
  • Giraldo, Sebastian

Abstract

Resumen: En este trabajo estamos interesados en estimar el costo económico del tsunami ocurrido en 2011 en Japón, el cual afectó dramáticamente las prefecturas (provincias) de la región nororiental (Fukushima, Itawe y Miyagui) y originó la posterior emergencia nuclear causada por el dano del reactor de Fukushima. Para lograr el objetivo, se utiliza la metodología de control sintético (MCS) construyendo “prefecturas sintéticas” y utilizando las prefecturas que no fueron afectadas por el tsunami. Los resultados muestran que el costo del desastre en 2011 ascendió a 2,5 billones de yenes (23000 millones de USD), equivalente al 18% de un bloque del PIB (sumatoria de los PIB sectoriales relevantes para la economía de las tres prefecturas); así mismo, evidenciaron que el efecto causal positivo medido entre 2012 y 2014 fue de alrededor de 1,4 billones de yenes (12800 millones de USD), equivalente al 10% del PIB. Los resultados de este artículo son relevantes, pues proveen una metodología para estimar el efecto causal económico de desastres naturales o de conflictos. Abstract: In this paper we are interested in estimating the economic cost of the tsunami occurred in2011 in Japan (as well as the subsequent nuclear emergency caused by the damage to the Fukushima’sreactor) and that affected the prefectures (provinces) of the northeast region (Fukushima, Itawe and Miyagui). To this goal, we perform the synthetic control methodology (MCS), by constructing “synthetic prefecture” using the prefectures that were not affected by the Tsunami. The results show that the cost of disaster in 2011 amounted to 2.5 billion yen (23.000 million US $), equivalent to 18 %of GDP (sum of the sectoral GDP relevant to the economy of the three prefectures) and the positive causal effect measured between 2012 and 2014 was around 1.4 billion yen (12.800 million US $),equivalent to10 % of GDP. The results of this paper are relevant due to they provide us a methodology for estimating the economic causal effect of disasters and conflicts.

Suggested Citation

  • Barrientos Marin, Jorge & Ospina Valencia, Sebastian & Giraldo, Sebastian, 2020. "El costo económico de los desastres naturales: el caso del tsunami y la emergencia nuclear en Japón en 2011," Revista Lecturas de Economía, Universidad de Antioquia, CIE, issue No. 93, pages 225-260, July.
  • Handle: RePEc:col:000174:019584
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    contrafactual sintético; nuclear; Fukushima; ponderación óptima; tsunami;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C21 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Cross-Sectional Models; Spatial Models; Treatment Effect Models
    • G14 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Information and Market Efficiency; Event Studies; Insider Trading
    • O11 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Macroeconomic Analyses of Economic Development
    • O40 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - General
    • O53 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economywide Country Studies - - - Asia including Middle East

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