Ile-de-France-Metropolitan Area European Model

Metropolitan France is a term which designated the European part of the French state. In the European Union treaties the judicial term which is used is the French territory located in Europe. The metropolitan area Île-de-France is placed in the Central-Northern part of the country including Paris, the small ring and the large ring. From the point of view of the population, Île-de-France contains almost 20% of the total number of population from metropolitan France. It is the third most populous country subdivision in the European Union after North Rhine Westphalia and Bavaria from Germany. One can say that the region Île-de-France is one of the engines of the international economy and its GDP is higher than the GDP from important countries like Brazil or Russia. Île-de-France was created in 1976 when it replaces the District of the Paris Region, created in 1962. The infrastructure of the metropolitan area Île-de-France is presently suffocated by the car flow, residents and tourists and therefore some immediate measures need to be taken in order to improve the daily traffic. From the 2 357 hotels from Île-de-France, more than 63% are in the capital. Paris and the peripheral communes have similar objectives in what the infrastructure and the travel management is concerned: the reduction of the pressure of the vehicles, the promotion and the development of the common transport and of the light means of transport, the management of the stations according to these objectives. One needs a high coordination between the numerous actors involved because there are some disparities between the time and the way of putting these aspects into practice.