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Non-performing loans (NPLs), liquidity creation, and moral hazard: Case of Chinese banks

Author

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  • Umar Muhammad
  • Sun Gang

Abstract

Background This study analyzes the impact of non-performing loans (NPLs) on bank liquidity creation to investigate the existence of moral hazard problem in Chinese banks. Methods It uses data from 197 listed and unlisted Chinese banks, spanning the period 2005 to 2014. Generalized method of moments (GMM) estimation, fixed and random effect model, and pool data techniques have been used for analysis. Results Total liquidity creation by Chinese banks is declining, and NPLs ratio has started to increase following a continuous decline between 2005 and 2012. We find that liquidity creation by Chinese banks does not depend on NPLs ratio. We repeated the analysis for small and large banks and the results of these subsamples reinforced our findings for the aggregate sample. Conclusions We did not find the evidence of moral hazard problem in Chinese banks.
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Suggested Citation

  • Umar Muhammad & Sun Gang, 2016. "Non-performing loans (NPLs), liquidity creation, and moral hazard: Case of Chinese banks," China Finance and Economic Review, De Gruyter, vol. 5(3), pages 51-75, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bpj:cferev:v:5:y:2016:i:3:p:51-75:n:3
    DOI: 10.1515/cfer-2016-050305
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    Cited by:

    1. Biswa Swarup Misra & Paolo Coccorese, 2025. "What affected stressed advances of Indian banks in the early 2000s? An investigation of the role of bank-specific and macroeconomic factors," International Economics and Economic Policy, Springer, vol. 22(1), pages 1-24, February.
    2. Chafic Saliba & Panteha Farmanesh & Seyed Alireza Athari, 2023. "Does country risk impact the banking sectors’ non-performing loans? Evidence from BRICS emerging economies," Financial Innovation, Springer;Southwestern University of Finance and Economics, vol. 9(1), pages 1-30, December.
    3. Bhabani Shankar Nayak & Jia Xu, 2018. "Historical Trends and Transitions in Credit Risk Management of Chinese Commercial Banks," International Journal of Business Administration, International Journal of Business Administration, Sciedu Press, vol. 9(5), pages 96-104, September.
    4. Amir, Md. Khaled, 2019. "Does Excess Bank Liquidity Impact Non-Performing Loan? A Study on Bangladeshi Economy," MPRA Paper 101150, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 10 Aug 2019.
    5. Khemraj, Tarron & Pasha, Sukrishnalall, 2025. "Dynamic implications of fiscal policy on NPLs: theoretical analysis and panel-regression empirics," MPRA Paper 126458, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Grover, Naina & Sinha, Pankaj, 2019. "Determinants, Persistence and value implications of liquidity creation: An evidence from Indian Banks," MPRA Paper 94280, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Bai, Haifeng & Ba, Shusong & Huang, Wenli & Hu, Wentao, 2020. "Expected government support and bank risk-taking: Evidence from China," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 36(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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