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Strategic networks

Author

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  • Ranjay Gulati
  • Nitin Nohria
  • Akbar Zaheer

Abstract

This paper introduces the important role of networks of interfirm ties in examining fundamental issues in strategy research. Prior research has primarily viewed firms as autonomous entities striving for competitive advantage from either external industry sources or from internal resources and capabilities. However, the networks of relationships in which firms are embedded profoundly influence their conduct and performance. We identify five key areas of strategy research in which there is potential for incorporating strategic networks: (1) industry structure, (2) positioning within an industry, (3) inimitable firm resources and capabilities, (4) contracting and coordination costs, and (5) dynamic network constraints and benefits. For each of these issues, the paper outlines some important insights that result from considering the role of strategic networks. Copyright © 2000 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Suggested Citation

  • Ranjay Gulati & Nitin Nohria & Akbar Zaheer, 2000. "Strategic networks," Strategic Management Journal, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 21(3), pages 203-215, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:stratm:v:21:y:2000:i:3:p:203-215
    DOI: 10.1002/(SICI)1097-0266(200003)21:33.0.CO;2-K
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    1. De Silva, Muthu & Howells, Jeremy & Meyer, Martin, 2018. "Innovation intermediaries and collaboration: Knowledge–based practices and internal value creation," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 70-87.
    2. Ulrich Lichtenthaler & Holger Ernst & Eckhard Lichtenthaler, 2007. "Fähigkeit der externen Technologieverwertung: Theoretisches Konzept und empirische Analyse," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 59(2), pages 221-249, March.
    3. Benoît Desmarchelier & Faridah Djellal & Faïz Gallouj, 2020. "Towards a servitization of innovation networks: a mapping," Public Management Review, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 22(9), pages 1368-1397, July.
    4. Klaus Marhold & Jina Kang, 2017. "The effects of internal technological diversity and external uncertainty on technological alliance portfolio diversity," Industry and Innovation, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(2), pages 122-142, February.
    5. Guillermo Armando Ronda-Pupo & Luis Ángel Guerras-Martín, 2010. "Dynamics of the scientific community network within the strategic management field through the Strategic Management Journal 1980–2009: the role of cooperation," Scientometrics, Springer;Akadémiai Kiadó, vol. 85(3), pages 821-848, December.
    6. Hanf, Jon & Gagalyuk, Taras, 2009. "Supply chain quality and its managerial challenges: Insights from Ukrainian agri-food business," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 14(4), pages 332-356.
    7. Benoît Desmarchelier & Faridah Djellal & Faïz Gallouj, 2019. "Towards a servitization of innovation networks: from traditional innovation networks to public service innovation networks for social innovation," Post-Print halshs-03177975, HAL.
    8. Lorenzo Zirulia, 2012. "The role of spillovers in R&D network formation," Economics of Innovation and New Technology, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(1), pages 83-105, November.
    9. Spralls, Samuel A. & Hunt, Shelby D. & Wilcox, James B., 2011. "Extranet Use and Building Relationship Capital in Interfirm Distribution Networks: The Role of Extranet Capability," Journal of Retailing, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 59-74.
    10. de Reuver, Mark & van der Lei, Telli & Lukszo, Zofia, 2016. "How should grid operators govern smart grid innovation projects? An embedded case study approach," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 628-635.
    11. Martin Andersson & Trudy-Ann Stone, 2017. "Global sourcing and technical efficiency – a firm-level study on the ICT industry in Sweden," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(5), pages 877-896, September.
    12. SLUYTS, Kim & MARTENS, Rudy & MATTHYSSENS, Paul, 2008. "Towards a dynamic concept of alliance capability," Working Papers 2008019, University of Antwerp, Faculty of Business and Economics.
    13. Alireza Abdollahi & Faraz Sadeghvaziri & Abderahman Rejeb, 2023. "Exploring the role of blockchain technology in value creation: a multiple case study approach," Quality & Quantity: International Journal of Methodology, Springer, vol. 57(1), pages 427-451, February.
    14. Benoît Desmarchelier & Faridah Djellal & Faïz Gallouj, 2018. "Public Service Innovation Networks (PSINs): Collaborating for Innovation and Value Creation," Working Papers halshs-01934275, HAL.
    15. José Albors-Garrigos & José L. Hervas-Oliver, 2011. "Making sense of innovation by R&D and non-R&D innovators in low technology contexts: a forgotten lesson for policymakers," Working Papers. Serie EC 2011-06, Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Económicas, S.A. (Ivie).
    16. Lazzarini, Sergio G., 2002. "The Performance Implications of Membership in Competing Firm Constellations: Evidence from the Global Airline Industry," Insper Working Papers wpe_23, Insper Working Paper, Insper Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa.
    17. Kate Mclaughlin & Stephen P. Osborne & Celine Chew, 2009. "Relationship marketing, relational capital and the future of marketing in public service organizations," Public Money & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 29(1), pages 35-42, January.
    18. Monica Plechero & Cristina Chaminade, 2016. "Spatial distribution of innovation networks, technological competencies and degree of novelty in emerging economy firms," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(6), pages 1056-1078, June.
    19. Bikram De, 2003. "Incidence and performance effects of interlocking directorates in emerging market business groups: Evidence from India," Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Papers 2003-001, Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India.
    20. Fabian Reck & Alexander Fliaster & Michael Kolloch, 2022. "How to Build a Network that Facilitates Firm‐level Innovation: An Integration of Structural and Managerial Perspectives," Journal of Management Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 59(4), pages 998-1031, June.
    21. Patrizia Di Tullio & Diego Valentinetti & Michele Antonio Rea, 2018. "Integrating The Business Model Puzzle: A Systematic Literature Review," International Journal of Business Research and Management (IJBRM), Computer Science Journals (CSC Journals), vol. 9(1), pages 1-46, June.
    22. Manoj Kumar Mohanty & Padmabati Gahan, 2013. "Supplier performance measurement in discrete manufacturing industry-empirical study on Indian manufacturing sector," Journal of Business Economics and Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 14(2), pages 330-347, April.
    23. Matthias Fink & Isabella Hatak & Reinhard Schulte & Sascha Kraus, 2011. "Verträge, Vertrauen und Unternehmenserfolg in Automobilclustern," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 63(7), pages 689-710, November.
    24. Charlotte C. Rank & Olaf N. Rank & Andreas Wald, 2005. "Netzwerke in der Biotechnologie," Schmalenbach Journal of Business Research, Springer, vol. 57(7), pages 617-634, November.
    25. Ivan Rodrigo Rizzo Dias & George Bedinelli Rossi, 2017. "How far is World Champion from World Class? Institutional effects on a Brazilian non-profit sports organization," Brazilian Business Review, Fucape Business School, vol. 14(Special I), pages 24-44, January.

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