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Economics in Crisis: Severe and Logical Contradictions of Classical, Keynesian, and Popular Trade Models

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  • Ravi Batra

Abstract

The paper examines three popular models that form the foundation of modern economics. The author concludes that two of the three, the classical and the Keynesian, are seriously deficient in logic, whereas the third, dealing with gains from trade, is partially lacking in logic. Classical and neo–Keynesian approaches require desired investment to expand during recessions, whereas the trade model requires real GDP to rise without any rise in employment, capital stock, or technology. The paper offers an alternative macro framework that is free from the limitations of conventional models. Money is either neutral or non–neutral, depending on whether the economy is operating below or at full capacity. Wages are strictly determined in the labor market, yet employment is influenced by aggregate demand. The alternative model thus combines the attractive features of classical and Keynesian frameworks.

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  • Ravi Batra, 2002. "Economics in Crisis: Severe and Logical Contradictions of Classical, Keynesian, and Popular Trade Models," Review of International Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 10(4), pages 623-644, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:reviec:v:10:y:2002:i:4:p:623-644
    DOI: 10.1111/1467-9396.00354
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    Cited by:

    1. Hamid Beladi & Avik Chakrabarti & Sugata Marjit, 2013. "A Mixed GOLE Model of Cross-Border Mergers and Trade," Working Papers 0143eco, College of Business, University of Texas at San Antonio.
    2. Raicu Gabriel & Stanca Costel & Raicu Alexandra, 2012. "Business cycles and economic distortions," Constanta Maritime University Annals, Constanta Maritime University, vol. 17(1), pages 295-298.

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