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Theories Of Business Behaviour And The Distribution Of Surplus Profits

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  • John H. Dunning
  • Frank J.B. Stilwell*

Abstract

This paper attempts a partial reformulation of the theory of the firm around the central issue of the distribution of profits. According to the institutional, market and purchasing environment in which they operate, the firms can generate surplus profits. Depending on their bargaining strength participants in the firm viz.– management, shareholders, customers, labour and suppliers of other inputs – can share in this surplus by securing payments above opportunity costs. The paper (i) presents a taxonomy of business conduct for incorporating the distribution of profits into existing explanations (ii) examines the extent to which these explanations require modification if this is done, (iii) explores the determinants of the relative bargaining strengths of the stakeholders, and (iv) suggest some implications for future studies of business behaviour. In diesem Artikel wird der Versuch unternommen, die Theorie der Firma teilweise neu zu formulieren, und zwar den zentralen Bereich, der die Verteilung der Gewinne erklärt. Soweit es die Institutionen, die Absatz‐ und Einkaufsmärkte, in deren Rahmen die Firma tätig ist, zulassen, kann sie einen surplus profit erzielen. Es hängt von der Verhandlungsstärke der Firmenteilnehmer ab – das heisst, dem Management, den Aktionären, den Kunden, den Arbeitnehmern und den Anbietern der Inputs – wie weit sie an diesem Überschuss teilhaben können, indem sie sich mehr als ihre Opportunitätskosten sichern. Der Artikel erarbeitet (i) eine taxonomy des Unternehmerverhaltens, die es ermöglicht, den Gewinnverteilungsprozess in bestehende Erklärungen einzuordnen; weiter wird untersucht, wieweit (ii) aufgrund der erarbeiteten taxonomy diese Erklärungen modifiziert werden müssen, und (iii) werden die Determinanten der relativen Verhandlungsstärke der Teilnehmer untersucht. Schliesslich werden (iv) einige Anregungen für weitere Forschungsarbeiten über das Verhalten der Unternehmungen gegeben. Cet article a pour but de reformuler partiellement la théorie de la firme à partir du problème central de la répartition des profits. Les firmes peuvent sécréter des profits de surplus en fonction de leur environnement institutionnel, et de la situation de leurs marchés amont et aval. Selon leur pouvoir de négociation, les partenaires de l'entreprise (direction, actionnaires, clients, employés et autres fournisseurs de facteurs de production) peuvent partager ce surplus en s'assurant des rémunérations supérieures aux coûts d'opportunités. L'article (i) présente, une taxonomie des comportements des entreprises pour inékgrer la répartition des profits dans les théories existantes, (ii) examine dans quelle mesure ces théories doivent être modifyées si cette intégration est réalisée, (iii) recense les composantes des pouvoirs de négociation relatifs des parties prenantes, et (iv) apporte quelques suggestions pour les études ultérieures sur le comportement des firmes.

Suggested Citation

  • John H. Dunning & Frank J.B. Stilwell*, 1978. "Theories Of Business Behaviour And The Distribution Of Surplus Profits," Kyklos, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 31(4), pages 601-623, November.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:kyklos:v:31:y:1978:i:4:p:601-623
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-6435.1978.tb00662.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Hudon, Marek & Périlleux, Anaïs, 2014. "Surplus distribution and characteristics of social enterprises: Evidence from microfinance," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 54(2), pages 147-157.

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