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New Evidence on Sources of Leverage Effects in Individual Stocks

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  • Geoffrey Peter Smith

Abstract

I test Black's leverage effect hypothesis on a panel of U.S. stocks from 1997 to 2012. I find that negative stock return innovations increase the future volatility of equity returns by about 36% more than positive ones. There is a strong and positive relation between variation in the size of these leverage effects and variation in the firm's use of debt. I uncover this relation by applying the Fama/French/Carhart 4-factor asset pricing model in the exponential generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity mean equation and by using panel data to control for firm- and time-invariant unobservables via first differences and two-way fixed effects.

Suggested Citation

  • Geoffrey Peter Smith, 2015. "New Evidence on Sources of Leverage Effects in Individual Stocks," The Financial Review, Eastern Finance Association, vol. 50(3), pages 331-340, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:finrev:v:50:y:2015:i:3:p:331-340
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1111/fire.12069
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    Cited by:

    1. Smith, Geoffrey Peter, 2016. "Weekday variation in the leverage effect: A puzzle," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 17(C), pages 193-196.
    2. Muhammad Surajo Sanusi, 2017. "Investigating the sources of Black’s leverage effect in oil and gas stocks," Cogent Economics & Finance, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 5(1), pages 1318812-131, January.
    3. Newaz, Mohammad Khaleq & Park, Jin Suk, 2019. "The impact of trade intensity and Market characteristics on asymmetric volatility, spillovers and asymmetric spillovers: Evidence from the response of international stock markets to US shocks," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 79-94.

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