IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bla/eurcho/v24y2025i2p72-78.html

What Impact Does Agricultural Research Have on the Common Agricultural Policy?

Author

Listed:
  • Hervé Guyomard

Abstract

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) and the agricultural research agenda are evolving at the same time. Although the past offers several examples of how research has influenced the CAP in terms of both objectives (progressive inclusion of environmental issues) and instruments (decoupling of income support measures, inefficiency of the ‘greening’ measure of the 2014–2020 CAP), assessing the impacts of agricultural research on the CAP is difficult for many reasons. Such an assessment requires a clear picture of agricultural research programmes, themes and results. It also calls for a robust analytical framework linking research programmes to CAP objectives and instruments in a context where both evolve simultaneously, are influenced by many other determinants, and vary over time depending on the political orientation of governments. Furthermore, European agriculture is influenced by many public policies other than the CAP, at both European Union and Member State level. Research and innovation efforts must ultimately be assessed according to their impacts not on the CAP but on agriculture, food and rural development in a context where assessment criteria must cover all sustainability dimensions, including resilience aspects. We conclude by emphasizing the need for both policy‐makers and researchers to recognise explicitly that not all policy objectives are mutually compatible. La Politique agricole commune (PAC) et les programmes de recherche en agriculture évoluent simultanément. Bien que le passé offre de nombreux exemples de l'influence de la recherche sur la PAC, tant en termes d'objectifs (intégration progressive des questions environnementales) que d'instruments (découplage des mesures de soutien au revenu, inefficacité de la mesure de ‘verdissement’ de la PAC 2014–2020), évaluer l'impact de la recherche agricole sur la PAC est difficile pour de nombreuses raisons. Une telle évaluation requiert une vision claire des programmes, des thématiques et des résultats de la recherche agricole. Elle exige aussi un cadre d'analyse robuste reliant les programmes de recherche aux objectifs et aux instruments de la PAC, dans un contexte où ces deux éléments évoluent simultanément, sont influencés par de nombreux autres déterminants, et varient au fil du temps en fonction des orientations politiques des gouvernements. Par ailleurs, l'agriculture européenne est influencée par de nombreuses autres politiques publiques que la PAC, tant au niveau de l'Union européenne que des États membres. Les efforts de recherche et d'innovation doivent in fine être évalués en fonction de leurs impacts non pas sur la PAC, mais sur l'agriculture, l'alimentation et le développement rural, dans un contexte où les critères d'évaluation doivent couvrir toutes les dimensions de la durabilité, y compris les aspects de résilience. Nous concluons en soulignant la nécessité pour à la fois les décideurs politiques et les chercheurs de reconnaître explicitement que tous les objectifs des politiques ne sont pas compatibles. Die Gemeinsame Agrarpolitik (GAP) und die Agrarforschungsagenda entwickeln sich parallel. In der Vergangenheit gab es mehrere Beispiele dafür, wie die Forschung die GAP sowohl in Bezug auf die Ziele (schrittweise Einbeziehung von Umweltfragen) als auch auf die Instrumente (Entkopplung der Maßnahmen zur Einkommensunterstützung, Ineffizienz der ‚Greening‘Maßnahmen der GAP 2014–2020) beeinflusst hat. Dennoch ist es aus vielen Gründen schwierig, die Auswirkungen der Agrarforschung auf die GAP zu bewerten. Dies erfordert ein klares Bild der Agrarforschungsprogramme, ‐themen und ‐ergebnisse. Ein solider analytischer Rahmen ist nötig, der die Forschungsprogramme mit den Zielen und Instrumenten der GAP in einem Kontext verbindet – in dem sich beide gleichzeitig entwickeln, von vielen anderen Faktoren beeinflusst werden und sich im Laufe der Zeit je nach politischer Ausrichtung der Regierungen ändern. Darüber hinaus wird die europäische Landwirtschaft sowohl auf Ebene der Europäischen Union (EU) als auch auf Ebene der Mitgliedstaaten von vielen anderen öffentlichen Maßnahmen beeinflusst. Forschungs‐ und Innovationsanstrengungen müssen letztlich nicht nach ihren Auswirkungen auf die GAP, sondern auf die Landwirtschaft, die Ernährung und die Entwicklung des ländlichen Raums bewertet werden, und zwar in einem Kontext, in dem die Bewertungskriterien alle Nachhaltigkeitsdimensionen, einschließlich der Resilienzaspekte, abdecken müssen. Abschließend werden die Prioritäten für die Verbesserung des Agrarforschungs‐ und Innovationssystems in der EU aufgezeigt.

Suggested Citation

  • Hervé Guyomard, 2025. "What Impact Does Agricultural Research Have on the Common Agricultural Policy?," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 24(2), pages 72-78, August.
  • Handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:24:y:2025:i:2:p:72-78
    DOI: 10.1111/1746-692X.12470
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/1746-692X.12470
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1111/1746-692X.12470?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ian Bateman & Andrew Balmford, 2023. "Current conservation policies risk accelerating biodiversity loss," Nature, Nature, vol. 618(7966), pages 671-674, June.
    2. Georgios Kountios & Spyridon Kanakaris & Christina Moulogianni & Thomas Bournaris, 2024. "Strengthening AKIS for Sustainable Agricultural Features: Insights and Innovations from the European Union: A Literature Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(16), pages 1-27, August.
    3. repec:oup:erevae:v:44:y:2017:i:4:p:567-589. is not listed on IDEAS
    4. Joe Dewbre & Cameron Short, 2002. "Alternative Policy Instruments for Agriculture Support: Consequences for Trade, Farm Income and Competitiveness," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 50(4), pages 443-464, December.
    5. Pierre Dupraz & Hervé Guyomard, 2019. "Environment and Climate in the Common Agricultural Policy," EuroChoices, The Agricultural Economics Society, vol. 18(1), pages 18-25, April.
    6. Emil Erjavec & Marko Lovec, 2017. "Research of European Union's Common Agricultural Policy: disciplinary boundaries and beyond," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 44(4), pages 732-754.
    7. Matthews, Alan, . "The contribution of research to agricultural policy in Europe," Bio-based and Applied Economics Journal, Italian Association of Agricultural and Applied Economics (AIEAA), vol. 10(2).
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Mercedes Rodríguez & José Antonio Camacho, 2023. "The importance of agriculture and rural areas for the future in the European Union: An exploration of public opinion," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 69(10), pages 394-403.
    2. Elena Toma & Paula Stoicea & Carina Dobre & Adina Iorga, 2023. "The Effect of Eco-Scheme Support on Romanian Farms—A Gini Index Decomposition by Income Source at Farm Level," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 13(9), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Laurence Roudart & Lou Plateau, 2026. "Repenser la régulation des marchés agricoles pour la transition agroécologique en Europe," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/405814, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    4. Morello, Thiago & Gadanakis, Yiorgos & Campos-González, Jorge & Mancini, Mattia & Howe, Keith & Tingley, Diana & Manchi, Rajesh & Sanders, Trystan & Wilson, Rod & Bateman, Ian J., 2025. "Sequestering carbon without reducing food production: The role of recirculating aquaculture systems," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 237(C).
    5. Maria Espinosa & Kamel Louhichi & Angel Perni & Pavel Ciaian, 2020. "EU‐Wide Impacts of the 2013 CAP Direct Payments Reform: A Farm‐Level Analysis," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 42(4), pages 695-715, December.
    6. Dziemianowicz, Ryta Iwona & Przygodzka, Renata & Sadowski, Adam, "undated". "Direct Payments And Their Impact On The Land Market In Poland," 109th Seminar, November 20-21, 2008, Viterbo, Italy 44807, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    7. Elodie Letort & Fanny Le Gloux & Pierre P. Dupraz, 2021. "How can health concerns improve environmental public good provision through labels?," Post-Print hal-03338427, HAL.
    8. Robert Finger & Nadja El Benni, 2021. "Farm income in European agriculture: new perspectives on measurement and implications for policy evaluation," European Review of Agricultural Economics, Oxford University Press and the European Agricultural and Applied Economics Publications Foundation, vol. 48(2), pages 253-265.
    9. Vincent Chatellier & Cécile Détang-Dessendre & Pierre Dupraz & Hervé Guyomard, 2021. "The sensitivity of the income of French farms to a reorientation of aid under the future post-2023 CAP [La sensibilité du revenu des exploitations agricoles françaises à une réorientation des aides dans le cadre de la future PAC post-2023]," Working Papers hal-03213474, HAL.
    10. Chao Yang & Haiying Xu & Qingquan Li & Xuqing Wang & Bohui Tang & Junyi Chen & Wei Tu & Yinghui Zhang & Tiezhu Shi & Min Chen & Wei Ma & Huizeng Liu & Jonathan M. Chase, 2025. "Global loss of mountain vegetated landscapes and its impact on biodiversity conservation," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-11, December.
    11. Carmelo Díaz Poblete & Juan Sebastián Castillo Valero & María Carmen Garcia-Cortijo, 2025. "Environmental assymetry between the pillars of the CAP: the case of Spain," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 27(7), pages 17147-17161, July.
    12. Simone Angioloni & Simone Cerroni, 2025. "Farmers' cooperation to improve water quality under scientific uncertainty: A lab‐in‐the‐field experiment," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 76(1), pages 45-73, February.
    13. Karmen Erjavec & Emil Erjavec, 2021. "Framing agricultural policy through the EC’s strategies on CAP reforms (1992–2017)," Agricultural and Food Economics, Springer;Italian Society of Agricultural Economics (SIDEA), vol. 9(1), pages 1-18, December.
    14. Laure Latruffe & Chantal Le Mouël, 2009. "Capitalization Of Government Support In Agricultural Land Prices: What Do We Know?," Journal of Economic Surveys, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 23(4), pages 659-691, September.
    15. Laurence Roudart & Lou Plateau, 2026. "Rethinking the regulation of agricultural markets for agroecological transition in Europe," ULB Institutional Repository 2013/405813, ULB -- Universite Libre de Bruxelles.
    16. Guyomard, Hervé & Détang-Dessendre, Cécile & Dupraz, Pierre & Gohin, Alexandre & Requillart, Vincent & Soler, Louis-Georges & Chatellier, Vincent & Brennetot, Claire & Dedieu, Benoît & Delaby, Luc & P, 2020. "La PAC de l’après 2020 : éclairages de la recherche," Économie rurale, French Society of Rural Economics (SFER Société Française d'Economie Rurale), vol. 372(April-Jun).
    17. CHEN, Running & PENG, Yisong & REN, Qiang & WU, Jiayu, 2025. "Optimizing global protected areas to address future land use threats to biodiversity," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 154(C).
    18. Alexandre Sauquet, 2021. "Ex-post analysis of the crop diversification policy ofthe CAP Greening in France," CEE-M Working Papers hal-03455548, CEE-M, Universtiy of Montpellier, CNRS, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro.
    19. Morgane Gonon, 2025. "Economic Knowledge for Nature Preservation: An Epistemic Inquiry into Spatial Prioritization and International Action," Post-Print hal-05291772, HAL.
    20. Devadoss, Stephen & Ugwuanyi, Blessing & Ridley, William, . "Determinants of Global Agricultural Trade," Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics, Western Agricultural Economics Association, vol. 47(3).

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bla:eurcho:v:24:y:2025:i:2:p:72-78. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Wiley Content Delivery (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/eaaeeea.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.