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Assessing Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Different Units of Organic Milk: Evidence from Multiunit Auctions

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  • Faical Akaichi
  • Rodolfo M. Nayga, Jr
  • José M. Gil

Abstract

Experimental auctions are normally conducted using single-unit auctions. In this paper, we explore the use of multi-unit auctions to investigate the determinants of consumers’ willingness to pay (WTP) for a food product (i.e., organic milk) in a multi-unit shopping scenario. We also analyze the effect of positive and negative information about organic farming on WTP. Our results suggest that although consumers are willing to pay for organic milk, their WTP decreases with the number of purchased units. We also found that the magnitude and the statistical significance of the determinants of WTP change from one unit to another. The most important factors affecting WTP are the number of units subjects are willing to buy, health concerns, and perceived animal welfare benefits of organic production. The type of information provided also plays a relevant role. Specifically, we find that positive information on organic farming increases WTP, negative information decreases WTP, and provision of both positive and negative information does not affect WTP.
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  • Faical Akaichi & Rodolfo M. Nayga, Jr & José M. Gil, 2012. "Assessing Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Different Units of Organic Milk: Evidence from Multiunit Auctions," Canadian Journal of Agricultural Economics/Revue canadienne d'agroeconomie, Canadian Agricultural Economics Society/Societe canadienne d'agroeconomie, vol. 60(4), pages 469-494, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:canjag:v:60:y:2012:i:4:p:469-494
    DOI: j.1744-7976.2012.01254.x
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    1. Richard Engelbrecht-Wiggans & Charles M. Kahn, 1998. "Multi-unit auctions with uniform prices," Economic Theory, Springer;Society for the Advancement of Economic Theory (SAET), vol. 12(2), pages 227-258.
    2. Roitner-Schobesberger, Birgit & Darnhofer, Ika & Somsook, Suthichai & Vogl, Christian R., 2008. "Consumer perceptions of organic foods in Bangkok, Thailand," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 112-121, April.
    3. Urs Fischbacher, 2007. "z-Tree: Zurich toolbox for ready-made economic experiments," Experimental Economics, Springer;Economic Science Association, vol. 10(2), pages 171-178, June.
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    1. Schrock, Rebecca, 2010. "Determinants Of The Demand For Organic And Conventional Fresh Milk In Germany– An Econometric Analysis," 115th Joint EAAE/AAEA Seminar, September 15-17, 2010, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany 116387, European Association of Agricultural Economists.
    2. Syed Badruddoza & Andrea C. Carlson & Jill J. McCluskey, 2022. "Long‐term dynamics of US organic milk, eggs, and yogurt premiums," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(1), pages 45-72, January.
    3. Faical Akaichi & Klaus Glenk & Cesar Revoredo‐Giha, 2022. "Bundling food labels: What role could the labels “Organic,” “Local” and “Low Fat” play in fostering the demand for animal‐friendly meat," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 38(2), pages 349-370, April.
    4. Maïmouna Yokessa & Stéphan Marette, 2019. "A Tax Coming from the IPCC Carbon Prices Cannot Change Consumption: Evidence from an Experiment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(18), pages 1-20, September.
    5. Schroeck, Rebecca, 2011. "Wie sensibel reagieren deutsche Verbraucher auf Preisänderungen bei Bio-Eiern? Eine Nachfrageanalyse mit Haushaltspanel-Daten," 51st Annual Conference, Halle, Germany, September 28-30, 2011 114492, German Association of Agricultural Economists (GEWISOLA).
    6. Jasper Grashuis, 2021. "A price premium for the farmer‐owned label? A choice experiment with milk consumers in the Netherlands," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 37(4), pages 749-763, October.
    7. Bahar Aydın Can, 2023. "Turkish Consumers’ Perceptions of Organic Milk and the Factors Affecting Consumption: The Case of Kocaeli, Türkiye," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-15, June.
    8. Jessica Bosseaux & Philippe Aurier & Alain François-Heude, 2019. "The Effects of Organic Label on Marketing Performance (Prices, Sales, and Margins) [Les Effets du Label Bio sur la Performance Marketing (Prix, ventes et marges)]," Post-Print hal-03079843, HAL.
    9. Wen Lin, 2023. "The effect of product quantity on willingness to pay: A meta‐regression analysis of beef valuation studies," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(3), pages 646-663, July.
    10. Levan Elbakidze & Rodolfo M. Nayga Jr. & Hao Li & Chris McIntosh, 2014. "Value elicitation for multiple quantities of a quasi-public good using open ended choice experiments and uniform price auctions," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 45(2), pages 253-265, March.
    11. Herrington, Caitlin L. & Ortega, David L. & Maredia, Mywish K. & Reyes, Byron A., 2023. "Does Bid Quantity Matter? Comparing Farmer Willingness-to-Pay for Specified vs Open-Ended Quantities of Biofortified Bean and Maize Seed in a Non-hypothetical Field Experiment," 2023 Annual Meeting, July 23-25, Washington D.C. 335919, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    12. Jessica Bosseaux & Philippe Aurier & Alain François-Heude, 2019. "The official quality signs influence on prices and volumes: the case of organic fresh eggs [L’influence du label Bio sur les prix et les ventes : Le cas des oeufs]," Post-Print hal-03079779, HAL.
    13. Xuqi Chen & Zhifeng Gao & Lisa House & Jiaoju Ge & Chengfeng Zong & Fred Gmitter, 2016. "Opportunities for Western Food Products in China: The Case of Orange Juice Demand," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 32(3), pages 343-362, July.
    14. Naphtal Habiyaremye & Nadhem Mtimet & Emily A. Ouma & Gideon A. Obare, 2023. "Consumers' willingness to pay for safe and quality milk: Evidence from experimental auctions in Rwanda," Agribusiness, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 39(4), pages 1049-1074, October.
    15. Katare, Bhagyashree, 2013. "Consumer willingness to pay for nano-packaged food products: evidence from experimental auctions and visual processing data," Master's Theses and Plan B Papers 162233, University of Minnesota, Department of Applied Economics.
    16. DeLong, Karen L. & Jensen, Kimberly L. & Upendram, Sreedhar & Eckelkamp, Elizabeth, . "Consumer Preferences for Tennessee Milk," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 51(2).
    17. Carla Rodriguez-Sanchez & Ricardo Sellers-Rubio, 2020. "Sustainability in the Beverage Industry: A Research Agenda from the Demand Side," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(1), pages 1-10, December.
    18. Raza, Syed Ali & Shah, Nida & Nisar, Wasay, 2019. "Consumer Buying Behavior of Organic Food with Respect to Health and Safety Concerns among Adolescents," MPRA Paper 93570, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    19. Bo Hou & Linhai Wu & Xiujuan Chen & Dian Zhu & Ruiyao Ying & Fu-Sheng Tsai, 2019. "Consumers’ Willingness to Pay for Foods with Traceability Information: Ex-Ante Quality Assurance or Ex-Post Traceability?," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(5), pages 1-14, March.
    20. Jessica Aschemann-Witzel & Stephan Zielke, 2017. "Can't Buy Me Green? A Review of Consumer Perceptions of and Behavior Toward the Price of Organic Food," Journal of Consumer Affairs, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 51(1), pages 211-251, March.
    21. Schröckl, R., 2012. "Wie sensibel reagieren deutsche Verbraucher auf Preisänderungen bei Bio- Eiern? Eine Nachfrageanalyse mit Haushaltspanel-Daten," Proceedings “Schriften der Gesellschaft für Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaften des Landbaues e.V.”, German Association of Agricultural Economists (GEWISOLA), vol. 47, March.
    22. Katare, Bhagyashree & Yue, Chengyan & Hurley, Terrance M., 2013. "Consumer Willingness to Pay for Nano-packaged Food Products: Evidence from Experimental Auctions," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 149676, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    23. BAGLIONE, Stephen L. & TUCCI, Louis A. & STANTON, John L., 2019. "Organic Food: Identifying Actionable Segments," Holistic Marketing Management Journal, Holistic Marketing Management, vol. 9(1), pages 10-27, March.
    24. Lucio CECCHINI & Biancamaria TORQUATI & Massimo CHIORRI, 2018. "Sustainable agri-food products: A review of consumer preference studies through experimental economics," Agricultural Economics, Czech Academy of Agricultural Sciences, vol. 64(12), pages 554-565.
    25. Schott, Lenna & Bernard, John, 2015. "Comparing Consumer's WIllingness to Pay for Conventional, Non-Certified Organic and Organic Milk from Small and Large Farms," Journal of Food Distribution Research, Food Distribution Research Society, vol. 46(3), pages 1-20, November.

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    JEL classification:

    • C91 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Individual Behavior
    • D44 - Microeconomics - - Market Structure, Pricing, and Design - - - Auctions

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