Effects of Plant-Based Diets on Cardiovascular Health in Burundi

Purpose: The aim of the study was to assess the effects of plant-based diets on cardiovascular health in Burundi. Methodology: This study adopted a desk methodology. A desk study research design is commonly known as secondary data collection. This is basically collecting data from existing resources preferably because of its low cost advantage as compared to a field research. Our current study looked into already published studies and reports as the data was easily accessed through online journals and libraries. Findings: The study indicated that adopting a plant-based diet, which emphasizes fruits, vegetables, whole grains, legumes, nuts, and seeds while minimizing or excluding animal products, can lead to various positive outcomes for heart health. These diets are associated with lower blood pressure, reduced cholesterol levels (especially LDL cholesterol), and improved blood sugar control. Additionally, plant-based diets are often higher in fiber, antioxidants, and other beneficial nutrients that contribute to overall cardiovascular well-being. The studiy also suggest that individuals following plant-based diets have a lower risk of developing heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular conditions compared to those with less plant-centric eating patterns. Overall, the evidence suggests that plant-based diets can play a significant role in promoting cardiovascular health and reducing the risk of heart-related diseases. Implications to Theory, Practice and Policy: Health belief model, social cognitive theory and theory of planned behavior may be used to anchor future studies on assessing the effects of plant-based diets on cardiovascular health in Burundi. Healthcare practitioners should integrate dietary counseling, emphasizing plant-based nutrition, into routine clinical practice. Public health policies should prioritize and support dietary education initiatives focused on plant-based nutrition.