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Bridging Faith and Care: The Role of Biopsychosociospiritual Competencies in Palliative Care Among Clergy in Nairobi, Kenya

Author

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  • Moses Muturi Karanja

    (Department of Counselling Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa)

  • Rev. Dr. Joyzy Egunjobi Ph.D.

    (Department of Counselling Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa)

  • Elijah Macharia Ndung’u Ph.D.

    (Department of Counselling Psychology, The Catholic University of Eastern Africa)

Abstract

Background: Clergy frequently accompany patients and families in end-of-life care, yet their specific competencies in palliative care contexts remain underexplored in Africa. Understanding these competencies is critical for strengthening holistic, patient-centred care. Aim: To examine the self-reported competencies of Catholic clergy in palliative care across the biological, psychological, social, and spiritual (BPSS) domains and their influence on perceived effectiveness. Methods: A mixed-methods study involving 197 Catholic clergy employed a structured BPSS-based questionnaire and in-depth interviews. Quantitative data were analysed descriptively and with regression modelling, while qualitative responses were thematically analysed. Results: Clergy reported highest competence in the spiritual domain, followed by psychological and social, with biological competencies lowest. Spiritual and psychological competencies emerged as the strongest predictors of perceived effectiveness. Qualitative narratives highlighted clergy’s transformative role in spiritual accompaniment and presence, but also barriers in collaboration with healthcare professionals. Conclusion: Catholic clergy play a vital role in palliative care, particularly in addressing spiritual and emotional distress. Strengthening Clinical Pastoral Education (CPE) and enhancing clergy–healthcare partnerships are recommended to improve holistic end-of-life care.

Suggested Citation

  • Moses Muturi Karanja & Rev. Dr. Joyzy Egunjobi Ph.D. & Elijah Macharia Ndung’u Ph.D., 2025. "Bridging Faith and Care: The Role of Biopsychosociospiritual Competencies in Palliative Care Among Clergy in Nairobi, Kenya," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 9(9), pages 4056-4069, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:9:y:2025:issue-9:p:4056-4069
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