Arabic Word Recognition: Causes and Solutions for Straight-Line Problems in Triangle Geometry

Arabic word recognition is crucial in pattern recognition and digitizing handwritten documents. Accurate triangle shapes for feature extraction are often hindered by straight-line problems. This study identifies the causes of these problems and proposes a robust method to improve recognition accuracy using triangle geometry method. The straight-line issue disrupts the formation of triangles, essential for feature extraction. The proposed method rearranges coordinate points to form new triangles, addressing issues from collinear points and parallel lines. Four specific situations causing straight-line problems were analyzed, including proximity affecting angle extraction. The method improved classification performance: the Support Vector Machine (SVM) achieved 77.28% accuracy with features based on three side lengths, while the Random Forest classifier reached 64.22%. These results show that the method effectively enhances Arabic word recognition by solving geometric challenges in triangle feature extraction.